notes
Main point summary
Having reminded his readers that they are to put on the new self, Paul now lists some practical areas of renewal: truth instead of falsehood, anger without sin, work instead of thievery, edification instead of cursing (which especially grieves the Holy Spirit), kindness, tender-heartedness and forgiveness instead of bitterness, wrath, anger, clamor and slander.
Arc
editing
NT
Ephesians 4:25-32
na28
nasb
schl
Διὸ ἀποθέμενοι τὸ ψεῦδος
Therefore , a laying aside falsehood,
Darum leget die Lüge ab
λαλεῖτε ἀλήθειαν ἕκαστος μετὰ τοῦ πλησίον αὐτοῦ ,
b speak truth each one of you with his neighbor ,
und redet die Wahrheit, ein jeder mit seinem Nächsten,
negativepositive
ὅτι ἐσμὲν ἀλλήλων μέλη.
for we are c members of one another.
denn wir sind untereinander Glieder.
ground
ὀργίζεσθε
a Be angry ,
Zürnet ihr,
καὶ μὴ ἁμαρτάνετε•
and yet do not sin ;
so sündiget nicht;
ὁ ἥλιος μὴ ἐπιδυέτω ἐπὶ [τῷ] παροργισμῷ ὑμῶν,
do not let the sun go down on your anger,
die Sonne gehe nicht unter über eurem Zorn!
series
concessive
μηδὲ δίδοτε τόπον τῷ διαβόλῳ.
and do not a give the devil 1 an opportunity.
Gebet auch nicht Raum dem Teufel!
actionresult
ὁ κλέπτων μηκέτι κλεπτέτω,
He who steals must steal no longer;
Wer gestohlen hat, der stehle nicht mehr,
μᾶλλον δὲ κοπιάτω ἐργαζόμενος ταῖς [ἰδίαις] χερσὶν τὸ ἀγαθόν,
but rather a he must labor, b performing with his own hands what is good,
sondern bemühe sich vielmehr mit seinen Händen etwas Gutes zu erarbeiten,
ἵνα ἔχῃ μεταδιδόναι τῷ χρείαν ἔχοντι.
c so that he will have something to share with 1 one who has need.
damit er dem Dürftigen etwas zu geben habe.
actionpurpose
πᾶς λόγος σαπρὸς ἐκ τοῦ στόματος ὑμῶν μὴ ἐκπορευέσθω,
Let no 1 a unwholesome word proceed from your mouth,
Keine schlechte Rede gehe aus eurem Munde,
ἀλλʼ εἴ τις ἀγαθὸς πρὸς οἰκοδομὴν τῆς χρείας,
but only such a word as is good for b edification 2 according to the need of the moment,
sondern was gut ist zur notwendigen Erbauung,
ἵνα δῷ χάριν τοῖς ἀκούουσιν.
so that it will give grace to those who hear.
daß es den Hörern wohltue.
καὶ μὴ λυπεῖτε τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον τοῦ θεοῦ,
a Do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God,
Und betrübet nicht den heiligen Geist Gottes,
ἐν ᾧ ἐσφραγίσθητε εἰς ἡμέραν ἀπολυτρώσεως.
1 by whom you were b sealed for the day of redemption.
mit welchem ihr versiegelt worden seid auf den Tag der Erlösung.
ideaexplanation
πᾶσα πικρία καὶ θυμὸς καὶ ὀργὴ καὶ κραυγὴ καὶ βλασφημία ἀρθήτω ἀφʼ ὑμῶν σὺν πάσῃ κακίᾳ.
a Let all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamor and slander be b put away from you, along with all c malice.
Alle Bitterkeit und Grimm und Zorn und Geschrei und Lästerung sei ferne von euch samt aller Bosheit.
γίνεσθε [δὲ] εἰς ἀλλήλους χρηστοί, εὔσπλαγχνοι, χαριζόμενοι ἑαυτοῖς,
a Be kind to one another, tender-hearted, forgiving each other,
Seid aber gegeneinander freundlich, barmherzig, vergebet einander,
καθὼς καὶ ὁ θεὸς ἐν Χριστῷ ἐχαρίσατο ὑμῖν.
b just as God in Christ also has forgiven 1 you.
gleichwie auch Gott in Christus euch vergeben hat.
comparison
This can either be a concessive - "Be angry if you must, yet do not sin." (as NASB seems to indicate) or a short word on church discipline ("Be angry about the sin of others, but do not sin in correcting them.") (as the note in the NET states). The EBC has a good discussion on these options. I have chosen the former interpretation, since this fits the pattern of the other imperatives in this pericope.
The result of not sinning in anger is to leave no room for the devil.
Otherwise the terms always allude to emotional pain. Jesus experienced fear and dread before his death (Matt 26:37–38). Paul felt “great sorrow and unceasing anguish [ὀδύνη G3850]” for unbelieving Israelites (Rom 9:2). Both in the OT and the NT, the sufferings of this present time are seen as contrary to the purpose of creation; hence the longing to be free of them (Rom 8:17–23, but this passage uses πάθημα G4077; see πάσχω G4248). In 2 Cor 2:1–5 Paul expresses the hope that the Corinthians will cause him no further grief, and Christians are urged not to grieve God’s Spirit (Eph 4:30). Sometimes the sense of λυπέω has more to do with indignation or emotional hurt (Matt 18:31; Rom 14:15). (From NIDNTTE)
I am not sure ov the relationship between v30 with the rest of the pericope. For sure all the sins listed here grieve the Holy spirit. However the καὶ at the beginning of v30 seems to link it closely to v29. This also follows the pattern in v27-27.
na28
discourse
Phrase
Ephesians 4:25-32
Truth Instead of Falsehood
Therefore, laying aside falsehood,
speak truth each one of you with his neighbor,
for we are members of one another.
Anger but No Sin
Be angry,
and yet do not sin;
do not let the sun go down on your anger,
and do not give the devil an opportunity.
Work Instead of Thievery
He who steals must steal no longer;
but rather he must labor, performing with his own hands what is good,
so that he will have something to share with one who has need.
Edification Instead of Cursing
Let no unwholesome word proceed from your mouth,
but only such a word as is good for edification according to the need of the moment,
so that it will give grace to those who hear.
Do Not Grieve the Holy Spirit
Do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God,
by whom you were sealed for the day of redemption.
Kindness Instead of Bitterness
Let all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamor and slander be put away from you, along with all malice.
Be kind to one another, tender- hearted, forgiving each other,
just as God in Christ also has forgiven you.
phrasing
Phrase Greek
Ephesians 4:25-32
na28
Διὸ ἀποθέμενοι τὸ ψεῦδος λαλεῖτε ἀλήθειαν ἕκαστος μετὰ τοῦ πλησίον αὐτοῦ ,
Therefore, laying aside falsehood, speak truth each one of you with his neighbor, for we are members of one another.
Darum leget die Lüge ab und redet die Wahrheit, ein jeder mit seinem Nächsten, denn wir sind untereinander Glieder.
ὅτι ἐσμὲν ἀλλήλων μέλη.
ὀργίζεσθε καὶ μὴ ἁμαρτάνετε•
Be angry, and yet do not sin; do not let the sun go down on your anger,
Zürnet ihr, so sündiget nicht; die Sonne gehe nicht unter über eurem Zorn!
ὁ ἥλιος μὴ ἐπιδυέτω ἐπὶ [τῷ] παροργισμῷ ὑμῶν,
μηδὲ δίδοτε τόπον τῷ διαβόλῳ.
and do not give the devil an opportunity.
Gebet auch nicht Raum dem Teufel!
ὁ κλέπτων μηκέτι κλεπτέτω,
He who steals must steal no longer; but rather he must labor, performing with his own hands what is good, so that he will have something to share with one who has need.
Wer gestohlen hat, der stehle nicht mehr, sondern bemühe sich vielmehr mit seinen Händen etwas Gutes zu erarbeiten, damit er dem Dürftigen etwas zu geben habe.
μᾶλλον δὲ κοπιάτω ἐργαζόμενος ταῖς [ἰδίαις] χερσὶν τὸ ἀγαθόν,
ἵνα ἔχῃ μεταδιδόναι τῷ χρείαν ἔχοντι.
πᾶς λόγος σαπρὸς ἐκ τοῦ στόματος ὑμῶν μὴ ἐκπορευέσθω,
Let no unwholesome word proceed from your mouth, but only such a word as is good for edification according to the need of the moment, so that it will give grace to those who hear.
Keine schlechte Rede gehe aus eurem Munde, sondern was gut ist zur notwendigen Erbauung, daß es den Hörern wohltue.
ἀλλʼ εἴ τις ἀγαθὸς πρὸς οἰκοδομὴν τῆς χρείας,
ἵνα δῷ χάριν τοῖς ἀκούουσιν.
καὶ μὴ λυπεῖτε τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον τοῦ θεοῦ,
Do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, by whom you were sealed for the day of redemption.
Und betrübet nicht den heiligen Geist Gottes, mit welchem ihr versiegelt worden seid auf den Tag der Erlösung.
ἐν ᾧ ἐσφραγίσθητε εἰς ἡμέραν ἀπολυτρώσεως.
πᾶσα πικρία καὶ θυμὸς καὶ ὀργὴ καὶ κραυγὴ καὶ βλασφημία ἀρθήτω ἀφʼ ὑμῶν σὺν πάσῃ κακίᾳ.
Let all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamor and slander be put away from you, along with all malice.
Alle Bitterkeit und Grimm und Zorn und Geschrei und Lästerung sei ferne von euch samt aller Bosheit.
γίνεσθε [δὲ] εἰς ἀλλήλους χρηστοί, εὔσπλαγχνοι, χαριζόμενοι ἑαυτοῖς,
Be kind to one another, tender- hearted, forgiving each other, just as God in Christ also has forgiven you.
Seid aber gegeneinander freundlich, barmherzig, vergebet einander, gleichwie auch Gott in Christus euch vergeben hat.
καθὼς καὶ ὁ θεὸς ἐν Χριστῷ ἐχαρίσατο ὑμῖν.
Διὸ ἀποθέμενοι τὸ ψεῦδος λαλεῖτε ἀλήθειαν ἕκαστος μετὰ τοῦ πλησίον αὐτοῦ , ὅτι ἐσμὲν ἀλλήλων μέλη.
ὀργίζεσθε καὶ μὴ ἁμαρτάνετε• ὁ ἥλιος μὴ ἐπιδυέτω ἐπὶ [τῷ] παροργισμῷ ὑμῶν,
μηδὲ δίδοτε τόπον τῷ διαβόλῳ.
ὁ κλέπτων μηκέτι κλεπτέτω, μᾶλλον δὲ κοπιάτω ἐργαζόμενος ταῖς [ἰδίαις] χερσὶν τὸ ἀγαθόν, ἵνα ἔχῃ μεταδιδόναι τῷ χρείαν ἔχοντι.
πᾶς λόγος σαπρὸς ἐκ τοῦ στόματος ὑμῶν μὴ ἐκπορευέσθω, ἀλλʼ εἴ τις ἀγαθὸς πρὸς οἰκοδομὴν τῆς χρείας, ἵνα δῷ χάριν τοῖς ἀκούουσιν.
καὶ μὴ λυπεῖτε τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον τοῦ θεοῦ, ἐν ᾧ ἐσφραγίσθητε εἰς ἡμέραν ἀπολυτρώσεως.
πᾶσα πικρία καὶ θυμὸς καὶ ὀργὴ καὶ κραυγὴ καὶ βλασφημία ἀρθήτω ἀφʼ ὑμῶν σὺν πάσῃ κακίᾳ.
γίνεσθε [δὲ] εἰς ἀλλήλους χρηστοί, εὔσπλαγχνοι, χαριζόμενοι ἑαυτοῖς, καθὼς καὶ ὁ θεὸς ἐν Χριστῷ ἐχαρίσατο ὑμῖν.
Diagram
scripturetext
components
Ephesians 4:25-32
na28
table
Διὸ
solid
drop
revrocket
equal
line
subjectverb
ἕκαστος
pred
λαλεῖτε
directobject
ἀλήθειαν
prepphrase
pstack
cword
μετὰ
τοῦ
πλησίον
αὐτοῦ
participle
ἀποθέμενοι
vertical
τὸ
ψεῦδος
obtuse
ἐσμὲν
predicate
μέλη
ἀλλήλων
ὅτι
text
25a
v25b
rocketship
ὀργίζεσθε
ἁμαρτάνετε
μὴ
καὶ
v26a
ὁ
ἥλιος
ἐπιδυέτω
μὴ
ἐπὶ
[τῷ]
παροργισμῷ
ὑμῶν
v26b
μηδὲ
δίδοτε
τόπον
indirectobj
τῷ
διαβόλῳ
ὁ
κλεπτέτω
μηκέτι
κλέπτων
κοπιάτω
μᾶλλον
ἐργαζόμενος
ταῖς
χερσὶν
[ἰδίαις]
τὸ
ἀγαθόν
ἔχῃ
shelf
infinitive
μεταδιδόναι
τῷ
ἔχοντι
χρείαν
ἵνα
δὲ
v28a
v28b
v28c
λόγος
πᾶς
σαπρὸς
ἐκπορευέσθω
μὴ
ἐκ
τοῦ
στόματος
ὑμῶν
δῷ
χάριν
τοῖς
ἀκούουσιν
ἵνα
τις
ἀγαθὸς
πρὸς
οἰκοδομὴν
τῆς
χρείας
εἴ
ἀλλʼ
v29a
v29b
v29c
καὶ
λυπεῖτε
μὴ
τὸ
πνεῦμα
τὸ
ἅγιον
τοῦ
θεοῦ
ἐσφραγίσθητε
εἰς
ἡμέραν
ἀπολυτρώσεως
ἐν
ᾧ
smartline
dashed
free
ttext
v30a
v30b
equals
πᾶσα
σὺν
κακίᾳ
πάσῃ
πικρία
βλασφημία
θυμὸς
ὀργὴ
κραυγὴ
καὶ
καὶ
καὶ
καὶ
ἀρθήτω
ἀφʼ
ὑμῶν
[δὲ]
γίνεσθε
εἰς
ἀλλήλους
χρηστοί
εὔσπλαγχνοι
χαριζόμενοι
ἑαυτοῖς
ὁ
θεὸς
ἐχαρίσατο
καὶ
ἐν
Χριστῷ
ὑμῖν
καθὼς
v32a
v32b
I assume the plural is here since Paul is address his readers.
I am not sure if I got this right.
diagram