Outline of Romans 4

Now to him who works, the wages are not counted as grace but as debt. But to him who does not work but believes on Him who justifies the ungodly, his faith is accounted for righteousness, just as David also describes the blessedness of the man to whom God imputes righteousness apart from works: “Blessed are those whose lawless deeds are forgiven, And whose sins are covered; Blessed is the man to whom the Lord shall not impute sin.”

Does this blessedness then come upon the circumcised only, or upon the uncircumcised also? For we say that faith was accounted to Abraham for righteousness. How then was it accounted? While he was circumcised, or uncircumcised? Not while circumcised, but while uncircumcised. And he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had while still uncircumcised, that he might be the father of all those who believe, though they are uncircumcised, that righteousness might be imputed to them also, and the father of circumcision to those who not only are of the circumcision, but who also walk in the steps of the faith which our father Abraham had while still uncircumcised. For the promise that he would be the heir of the world was not to Abraham or to his seed through the law, but through the righteousness of faith. For if those who are of the law are heirs, faith is made void and the promise made of no effect, because the law brings about wrath; for where there is no law there is no transgression.

progression

Therefore it is of faith that it might be according to grace, so that the promise might be sure to all the seed, not only to those who are of the law, but also to those who are of the faith of Abraham, who is the father of us all (as it is written, “I have made you a father of many nations”) in the presence of Him whom he believed—God, who gives life to the dead and calls those things which do not exist as though they did; who, contrary to hope, in hope believed, so that he became the father of many nations, according to what was spoken, “So shall your descendants be.” And not being weak in faith, he did not consider his own body, already dead (since he was about a hundred years old), and the deadness of Sarah’s womb. He did not waver at the promise of God through unbelief, but was strengthened in faith, giving glory to God, and being fully convinced that what He had promised He was also able to perform. And therefore “it was accounted to him for righteousness.”

inference

Now it was not written for his sake alone that it was imputed to him, but also for us. It shall be imputed to us who believe in Him who raised up Jesus our Lord from the dead, who was delivered up because of our offenses, and was raised because of our justification.

Righteousness before God is not by works, but by faith

David was justified by faith and not by works

Abraham was justified by faith and not by works

Saving faith simply trusts what God has said

Saving faith in Jesus Christ

Saving faith explained

David's and Abraham's saving faith

discourse

Notes

Outline of Romans I. GREETING 1:1-15 A. Paul's witness of Jesus Christ 1:1-7 B. The Roman saints Testimony 1:8-12 C. Paul's responsibility in the work of God and his desire to serve in Rome 1:13-15 II. THE GOOD NEWS OF JESUS CHRIST 1:16-16:27 A. The righteousness of God revealed in the Gospel 1:16-17 B. The wrath of God revealed against all unrighteousness of men 1:18-3:20 1. Men's unrighteousness in suppression of the reality of God 1:18-23 i. Creation's unmistakable witness to God the Creator 1:20 ii. Men's suppression of the reality of God leading to self-deception in worshiping the created rather than the Creator 1:21-23 2. The downward road of Idolatry 1:24-32 i. God gave them up to vile passions 1:24-27 ii. God gave them over to a debased mind 1:28-31 iii. The Idolater's desire to see others in Idolatry 1:32 3. The law of God reveals everyone's sins 2:1-3:20 i. Men show his condemned condition when he judges others 2:1-11 ii. God's law reveals the Jew and Gentile equally guilty of sin 2:12-3:20 C. The righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ 3:21-31 1. Justification by God's grace as a gift through the redemption in Christ Jesus 3:21-25 2. Boasting excluded because God is the Just and the Justifier 3:26-28 3. Justification offered to Jews and Gentiles 3:29-31 D. Faith explained by the example of Abraham and David 4:1-16:27 1. Righteousness before God is not by works, but by faith 4:1-3 2. David was justified by faith and not by works 4:4-8 3. Abraham was justified by faith and not by works 4:9-15 4. Faith is to take God at His Word 4:16-25

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