Internship discussion
Hebrews 12:1-3
“Running for the joy set before us by the one who endured on our behalf.”
#joy
Published October 22nd, 2020
Hebrews 12:1-3
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Notes on Tracing
Sermon Outline
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Hebrews 12:1-3 ESV
NT
Hebrews 12:1-3
esv
Jesus, Founder and Perfecter of Our Faith 12 1 Therefore, since we are surrounded by so great a cloud of witnesses, let us also lay aside every weight, and w sin which clings so closely, and x let us run y with endurance the race that is z set before us, 2 looking to Jesus, the founder and perfecter of our faith, a who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising b the shame, and c is seated at the right hand of the throne of God. Do Not Grow Weary 3 d Consider him who endured from sinners such hostility against himself, so that you may not grow weary or e fainthearted.
Diagram
scripturetext
Hebrews 12:1-3
na28
subjectverb
ἡμεῖς
solid
drop
equal
revrocket
line
pred
τρέχωμεν
directobject
τὸν
ἀγῶνα
participle
pstack
cword
προκείμενον
vertical
ἡμῖν
prepphrase
καὶ
ἔχοντες
νέφος
τοσοῦτον
μαρτύρων
περικείμενον
ἡμῖν
ἀποθέμενοι
rocketship
ὄγκον
πάντα
τὴν
ἁμαρτίαν
εὐπερίστατον
καὶ
ἀφορῶντες
εἰς
τὸν
τῆς
πίστεως
dblrocketship
ἀρχηγὸν
τελειωτὴν
equals
table
Ἰησοῦν
καὶ
διʼ
ὑπομονῆς
vsnum
Hebrews 12:1
Τοιγαροῦν
dashed
free
line1
line2
line1
line2
Hebrews 12:2
ὃς
ὑπέμεινεν
κεκάθικεν
σταυρὸν
ἀντὶ
τῆς
χαρᾶς
προκειμένης
αὐτῷ
καταφρονήσας
αἰσχύνης
ἐν
δεξιᾷ
τοῦ
θρόνου
τοῦ
θεοῦ
τε
Hebrews 12:3
γὰρ
[ὑμεῖς]
ἀναλογίσασθε
shelf
τὸν
ὑπομεμενηκότα
ἀντιλογίαν
τοιαύτην
ὑπὸ
τῶν
ἁμαρτωλῶν
εἰς
ἑαυτὸν
obtuse
[ὑμεῖς]
κάμητε
ἐκλυόμενοι
ταῖς
ψυχαῖς
ὑμῶν
ἵνα
μὴ
line1
line2
τρέχωμεν (run) is a hortatory subjective (GDG 204), which is functionally the same in the sentence as an imperative (GDG 337). A hortatory subjunctive is used when the author wants to command his audience but also include himself in the command. Or, better yet, Paul here is urging his audience to join him in this particular course of action, namely running.
This is a participle of attendant circumstance (GDG 336). Essentially it coordinates with the main verb by taking on the mood of the verb in a way that makes it feel like a parallel verb. Because of this, rather than being translated as an adverbial participle, it is sometimes translated as a another finite verb with an "and" inserted between the two verbal phrases. Although it is translated as a coordinated verb, grammatically, it is still subordinate with the emphasis falling on the main verb. So in this case, the verbs coordinate as " let us lay aside every weight ( ἀποθέμενοι) .... and run ( τρέχωμεν) "
Adverbial Participle of Means (GDG 329). Answers the question of "how?" the main verb is accomplished. It conveys the method of the action
Causal Adverbial Participle. (330) It answers the question "why?" It tells us why an action is accomplished.
It think ...Participle of Manner, because it conveys the emotion or attitude through which an action was carried out, rather than the method.
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notes
Notes on Diagram
[ According to Merkle, τρέχωμεν (run) is a hortatory subjective (GDG 204), which is functionally the same in the sentence as an imperative (GDG 337). This would make it the main verb of the sentence, and would be the inference drawn from the ‘therefore.’ A hortatory subjunctive is used when the author wants to command his audience but also include himself in the command. Or, better yet, Paul here is urging his audience to join him in this particular course of action, namely running. I think ἔ χοντες is Causal Adverbial Participle. (330) It answers the question "why?" It tells us why an action is accomplished. It may be helpful to use Merkle’s explanation here to show why the participle for ‘laying aside’ is parallel in terms emphasis with the main verb. Basically, ἀ ποθέμενοι is a participle of attendant circumstance, meeting Wallace’s 5 requirements (GDG 336). Essentially it coordinates with the main verb by taking on the mood of the verb in a way that makes it feel like a parallel verb. Because of this, rather than being translated as an adverbial participle, it is sometimes translated as a another finite verb with an "and" inserted between the two verbal phrases. Although it is translated as a coordinated verb grammatically, it is still subordinate with the emphasis falling on the main verb. So in this case, the verbs coordinate as "let us lay aside every weight( ἀ ποθέμενοι) .... and run (τρέχωμεν)" I believe that ἀ φορ ῶ ντες is an Adverbial Participle of Means (GDG 329). Answers the question of "how?" the main verb is accomplished. It conveys the method of the action. We are to run with endurance, by looking to Jesus. ]
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Hebrews 12:1-3
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Τοιγαροῦν καὶ... διʼ ὑπομονῆς τρέχωμεν τὸν προκείμενον ἡμῖν ἀγῶνα
Therefore, let us run the race that is set before us with endurance,
ἡμεῖς τοσοῦτον ἔχοντες περικείμενον ἡμῖν νέφος μαρτύρων,
since we have such a great cloud of witnesses surrounding us,
ὄγκον ἀποθέμενοι πάντα καὶ τὴν εὐπερίστατον ἁμαρτίαν,
laying aside every weight and the sin that easily encircles us,
ἀφορῶντες εἰς τὸν τῆς πίστεως ἀρχηγὸν καὶ τελειωτὴν Ἰησοῦν,
by looking to the founder and perfecter of our faith, Jesus.
ὃς ἀντὶ τῆς προκειμένης αὐτῷ χαρᾶς ὑπέμεινεν σταυρὸν
Who, for the joy that was set before him, endured the cross,
αἰσχύνης καταφρονήσας
despising the shame,
actionmanner
ἐν δεξιᾷ τε τοῦ θρόνου τοῦ θεοῦ κεκάθικεν.
and is seated at the right hand of the throne of God.
progression
ideaexplanation
ἀναλογίσασθε γὰρ τὸν τοιαύτην ὑπομεμενηκότα ὑπὸ τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν εἰς ἑαυτὸν ἀντιλογίαν,
[look to Jesus because] Consider him, who endured such great rebellion from sinners against himself.
ἵνα μὴ κάμητε ταῖς ψυχαῖς ὑμῶν ἐκλυόμενοι.
So that you may not grow ill and weak in your soul.
actionpurpose
series
Paul is drawing our attention and focus to Jesus. In 2A Paul wants us to look to Jesus. In 2B-2D Paul is defining who Jesus is. In 3A Paul is restating the instruction to 'look to Jesus' in the form of an imperative. He is clarifying what he means by 'looking' to be more precise. Looking to Jesus is to consider attentively what Jesus endured on the cross. In the sense that Verse 3 is providing restating and providing clarity to Paul's instruction in 2A, I would classify this as an Action-Manner.
The verb that carries the main thrust of this passage is τρέχωμεν. The other three verbal participles in the series relate to the main verb by explaining, "why we should run?" "the manner in which we should run," and "how we should run." Because of this, I view the clauses including ἔχοντες (having), ἀποθέμενοι (laying aside), & ἀφορῶντες (looking) form a series explaining the way in which the main verb 'run' is carried out.
na28
discourse
Notes on Tracing
The verb that carries the main thrust of this passage is τρέχωμεν. The other three verbal participles in the series relate to the main verb by explaining, "why we should run?" "the manner in which we should run," and "how we should run." Because of this, I view the clauses including ἔ χοντες (having), ἀ ποθέμενοι (laying aside), & ἀ φορ ῶ ντες (looking) to form a series explaining the way in which the main verb 'run' is carried out. Paul is drawing our attention and focus to Jesus. In 2A Paul wants us to look to Jesus. In 2B-2D Paul is defining who Jesus is. In 3A Paul is restating the instruction to 'look to Jesus' in the form of an imperative. He is clarifying what he means by 'looking' to be more precise. Looking to Jesus is to consider attentively what Jesus endured on the cross. In the sense that Verse 3 is providing restating and providing clarity to Paul's instruction in 2A, I would classify this as an Action-Manner.
Sermon Outline
Basic idea for a possible sermon outline: “Running for the joy set before us by the one who endured on our behalf.” 1. The motivation (goal, reason) to run. a. Cloud of witnesses from Hebrews 11 i. We are not alone in this race. ii. They ran by looking ahead towards the reward 2. The manner in which are to run. a. Laying aside sins b. Laying aside every weight, even if it is not sinful. 3. The way (means, aim, direction) we run. a. Looking to Jesus. i. His endurance on the cross in light of his reward. ii. His endurance on the cross on our behalf. iii. His endurance on the cross for our reward.
Comments
Disclaimer: The opinions and conclusions expressed on this page are those of the author and may or may not accord with the positions of Biblearc or Bethlehem College & Seminary.