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Esther 3

2014-11-26 17:41:58

2014-11-27 13:14:51

editing

OT

Esther 3:1-15

wlc

esv

אַחַר ׀ הַדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה גִּדַּל הַמֶּלֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ אֶת־ הָמָן בֶּן־ הַמְּדָתָא הָאֲגָגִי

After these things King Ahasuerus promoted Haman the Agagite, the son of Hammedatha,

וַיְנַשְּׂאֵהוּ

and advanced him

וַיָּשֶׂם אֶת־ כִּסְאוֹ מֵעַל כָּל־ הַשָּׂרִים אֲשֶׁר אִתּוֹ׃

and set his throne above all the officials who were with him.

series

temporal

וְכָל־ עַבְדֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ אֲשֶׁר־ בְּשַׁעַר הַמֶּלֶךְ כֹּרְעִים וּמִשְׁתַּחֲוִים לְהָמָן

And all the king’s servants who were at the king’s gate bowed down and paid homage to Haman,

כִּי־ כֵן צִוָּה־ לוֹ הַמֶּלֶךְ

for the king had so commanded concerning him.

ground

וּמָרְדֳּכַי לֹא יִכְרַע

But Mordecai did not bow down

וְלֹא יִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה׃

or pay homage.

alternative

concessive

וַיֹּאמְרוּ עַבְדֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ אֲשֶׁר־ בְּשַׁעַר הַמֶּלֶךְ לְמָרְדֳּכָי מַדּוּעַ אַתָּה עוֹבֵר אֵת מִצְוַת הַמֶּלֶךְ׃

Then the king’s servants who were at the king’s gate said to Mordecai, “Why do you transgress the king’s command?”

וַיְהִי באמרם [כְּאָמְרָם] אֵלָיו יוֹם וָיוֹם

And when they spoke to him day after day

וְלֹא שָׁמַע אֲלֵיהֶם

and he would not listen to them,

וַיַּגִּידוּ לְהָמָן

they told Haman,

לִרְאוֹת הֲיַעַמְדוּ דִּבְרֵי מָרְדֳּכַי

in order to see whether Mordecai’s words would stand,

כִּי־ הִגִּיד לָהֶם אֲשֶׁר־ הוּא יְהוּדִי׃

for he had told them that he was a Jew.

actionpurpose

actionresult

וַיַּרְא הָמָן כִּי־ אֵין מָרְדֳּכַי כֹּרֵעַ וּמִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה לוֹ

And when Haman saw that Mordecai did not bow down or pay homage to him,

וַיִּמָּלֵא הָמָן חֵמָה׃

Haman was filled with fury.

וַיִּבֶז בְּעֵינָיו לִשְׁלֹח יָד בְּמָרְדֳּכַי לְבַדּוֹ

But he disdained to lay hands on Mordecai alone.

כִּי־ הִגִּידוּ לוֹ אֶת־ עַם מָרְדֳּכָי

So, as they had made known to him the people of Mordecai,

וַיְבַקֵּשׁ הָמָן לְהַשְׁמִיד אֶת־ כָּל־ הַיְּהוּדִים אֲשֶׁר בְּכָל־ מַלְכוּת אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ עַם מָרְדֳּכָי׃

Haman sought to destroy all the Jews, the people of Mordecai, throughout the whole kingdom of Ahasuerus.

inference

בַּחֹדֶשׁ הָרִאשׁוֹן הוּא־ חֹדֶשׁ נִיסָן בִּשְׁנַת שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה לַמֶּלֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ

In the first month, which is the month of Nisan, in the twelfth year of King Ahasuerus,

הִפִּיל פּוּר הוּא הַגּוֹרָל לִפְנֵי הָמָן מִיּוֹם ׀ לְיוֹם וּמֵחֹדֶשׁ לְחֹדֶשׁ שְׁנֵים־ עָשָׂר הוּא־ חֹדֶשׁ אֲדָר׃ ס

they cast Pur (that is, they cast lots) before Haman day after day; and they cast it month after month till the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar.

וַיֹּאמֶר הָמָן לַמֶּלֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ יֶשְׁנוֹ עַם־ אֶחָד מְפֻזָּר וּמְפֹרָד בֵּין הָעַמִּים בְּכֹל מְדִינוֹת מַלְכוּתֶךָ

Then Haman said to King Ahasuerus, “There is a certain people scattered abroad and dispersed among the peoples in all the provinces of your kingdom.

וְדָתֵיהֶם שֹׁנוֹת מִכָּל־ עָם

Their laws are different from those of every other people,

וְאֶת־ דָּתֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ אֵינָם עֹשִׂים

and they do not keep the king’s laws,

וְלַמֶּלֶךְ אֵין־ שֹׁוֶה לְהַנִּיחָם׃

so that it is not to the king’s profit to tolerate them.

אִם־ עַל־ הַמֶּלֶךְ טוֹב יִכָּתֵב לְאַבְּדָם

If it please the king, let it be decreed that they be destroyed,

וַעֲשֶׂרֶת אֲלָפִים כִּכַּר־ כֶּסֶף אֶשְׁקוֹל עַל־ יְדֵי עֹשֵׂי הַמְּלָאכָה לְהָבִיא אֶל־ גִּנְזֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ׃

and I will pay 10,000 talents of silver into the hands of those who have charge of the king’s business, that they may put it into the king’s treasuries.”

וַיָּסַר הַמֶּלֶךְ אֶת־ טַבַּעְתּוֹ מֵעַל יָדוֹ

So the king took his signet ring from his hand

וַיִּתְּנָהּ לְהָמָן בֶּן־ הַמְּדָתָא הָאֲגָגִי צֹרֵר הַיְּהוּדִים׃

and gave it to Haman the Agagite, the son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews.

progression

וַיֹּאמֶר הַמֶּלֶךְ לְהָמָן הַכֶּסֶף נָתוּן לָךְ

And the king said to Haman, “The money is given to you,

וְהָעָם לַעֲשׂוֹת בּוֹ כַּטּוֹב בְּעֵינֶיךָ׃

the people also, to do with them as it seems good to you.”

וַיִּקָּרְאוּ סֹפְרֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ בַּחֹדֶשׁ הָרִאשׁוֹן בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁה עָשָׂר יוֹם בּוֹ

Then the king’s scribes were summoned on the thirteenth day of the first month,

וַיִּכָּתֵב כְּכָל־ אֲשֶׁר־ צִוָּה הָמָן אֶל אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנֵי־ הַמֶּלֶךְ וְאֶל־ הַפַּחוֹת אֲשֶׁר ׀ עַל־ מְדִינָה וּמְדִינָה וְאֶל־ שָׂרֵי עַם וָעָם מְדִינָה וּמְדִינָה כִּכְתָבָהּ וְעַם וָעָם כִּלְשׁוֹנוֹ בְּשֵׁם הַמֶּלֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹשׁ נִכְתָּב

and an edict, according to all that Haman commanded, was written to the king’s satraps and to the governors over all the provinces and to the officials of all the peoples, to every province in its own script and every people in its own language. It was written in the name of King Ahasuerus

וְנֶחְתָּם בְּטַבַּעַת הַמֶּלֶךְ׃

and sealed with the king’s signet ring.

וְנִשְׁלוֹחַ סְפָרִים בְּיַד הָרָצִים אֶל־ כָּל־ מְדִינוֹת הַמֶּלֶךְ לְהַשְׁמִיד לַהֲרֹג וּלְאַבֵּד אֶת־ כָּל־ הַיְּהוּדִים מִנַּעַר וְעַד־ זָקֵן טַף וְנָשִׁים בְּיוֹם אֶחָד בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁה עָשָׂר לְחֹדֶשׁ שְׁנֵים־ עָשָׂר הוּא־ חֹדֶשׁ אֲדָר

Letters were sent by couriers to all the king’s provinces with instruction to destroy, to kill, and to annihilate all Jews, young and old, women and children, in one day, the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar,

וּשְׁלָלָם לָבוֹז׃

and to plunder their goods.

פַּתְשֶׁגֶן הַכְּתָב לְהִנָּתֵן דָּת בְּכָל־ מְדִינָה וּמְדִינָה גָּלוּי לְכָל־ הָעַמִּים לִהְיוֹת עֲתִדִים לַיּוֹם הַזֶּה׃

A copy of the document was to be issued as a decree in every province by proclamation to all the peoples to be ready for that day.

הָרָצִים יָצְאוּ דְחוּפִים בִּדְבַר הַמֶּלֶךְ

The couriers went out hurriedly by order of the king,

וְהַדָּת נִתְּנָה בְּשׁוּשַׁן הַבִּירָה

and the decree was issued in Susa the citadel.

locative

וְהַמֶּלֶךְ וְהָמָן יָשְׁבוּ לִשְׁתּוֹת

And the king and Haman sat down to drink,

וְהָעִיר שׁוּשָׁן נָבוֹכָה׃ פ

but the city of Susa was thrown into confusion.

discourse

11417023717623 1417023690321 Esther 3 2014-11-26 17:41:58 2014-11-27 13:14:51 editing OT 17 3 1 3 15 Esther 3:1-15 wlc esv i4 אַחַר ׀ הַדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה גִּדַּל הַמֶּלֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ אֶת־ הָמָן בֶּן־ הַמְּדָתָא הָאֲגָגִי After these things King Ahasuerus promoted Haman the Agagite, the son of Hammedatha, i6 וַיְנַשְּׂאֵהוּ and advanced him i7 וַיָּשֶׂם אֶת־ כִּסְאוֹ מֵעַל כָּל־ הַשָּׂרִים אֲשֶׁר אִתּוֹ׃ and set his throne above all the officials who were with him. i5 series i3 temporal 1 i12 וְכָל־ עַבְדֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ אֲשֶׁר־ בְּשַׁעַר הַמֶּלֶךְ כֹּרְעִים וּמִשְׁתַּחֲוִים לְהָמָן And all the king’s servants who were at the king’s gate bowed down and paid homage to Haman, i13 כִּי־ כֵן צִוָּה־ לוֹ הַמֶּלֶךְ for the king had so commanded concerning him. i11 ground i15 וּמָרְדֳּכַי לֹא יִכְרַע But Mordecai did not bow down i16 וְלֹא יִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה׃ or pay homage. i14 alternative i10 concessive 1 i18 וַיֹּאמְרוּ עַבְדֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ אֲשֶׁר־ בְּשַׁעַר הַמֶּלֶךְ לְמָרְדֳּכָי מַדּוּעַ אַתָּה עוֹבֵר אֵת מִצְוַת הַמֶּלֶךְ׃ Then the king’s servants who were at the king’s gate said to Mordecai, “Why do you transgress the king’s command?” i21 וַיְהִי באמרם [כְּאָמְרָם] אֵלָיו יוֹם וָיוֹם And when they spoke to him day after day i22 וְלֹא שָׁמַע אֲלֵיהֶם and he would not listen to them, i20 concessive 1 i24 וַיַּגִּידוּ לְהָמָן they told Haman, i26 לִרְאוֹת הֲיַעַמְדוּ דִּבְרֵי מָרְדֳּכַי in order to see whether Mordecai’s words would stand, i27 כִּי־ הִגִּיד לָהֶם אֲשֶׁר־ הוּא יְהוּדִי׃ for he had told them that he was a Jew. i25 ground i23 actionpurpose i19 temporal 1 i17 series i9 actionresult i30 וַיַּרְא הָמָן כִּי־ אֵין מָרְדֳּכַי כֹּרֵעַ וּמִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה לוֹ And when Haman saw that Mordecai did not bow down or pay homage to him, i31 וַיִּמָּלֵא הָמָן חֵמָה׃ Haman was filled with fury. i29 actionresult i34 וַיִּבֶז בְּעֵינָיו לִשְׁלֹח יָד בְּמָרְדֳּכַי לְבַדּוֹ But he disdained to lay hands on Mordecai alone. i35 כִּי־ הִגִּידוּ לוֹ אֶת־ עַם מָרְדֳּכָי So, as they had made known to him the people of Mordecai, i33 ground i36 וַיְבַקֵּשׁ הָמָן לְהַשְׁמִיד אֶת־ כָּל־ הַיְּהוּדִים אֲשֶׁר בְּכָל־ מַלְכוּת אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ עַם מָרְדֳּכָי׃ Haman sought to destroy all the Jews, the people of Mordecai, throughout the whole kingdom of Ahasuerus. i32 inference i28 alternative i8 actionresult i2 series i39 בַּחֹדֶשׁ הָרִאשׁוֹן הוּא־ חֹדֶשׁ נִיסָן בִּשְׁנַת שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה לַמֶּלֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ In the first month, which is the month of Nisan, in the twelfth year of King Ahasuerus, i40 הִפִּיל פּוּר הוּא הַגּוֹרָל לִפְנֵי הָמָן מִיּוֹם ׀ לְיוֹם וּמֵחֹדֶשׁ לְחֹדֶשׁ שְׁנֵים־ עָשָׂר הוּא־ חֹדֶשׁ אֲדָר׃ ס they cast Pur (that is, they cast lots) before Haman day after day; and they cast it month after month till the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar. i38 temporal 1 i45 וַיֹּאמֶר הָמָן לַמֶּלֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ יֶשְׁנוֹ עַם־ אֶחָד מְפֻזָּר וּמְפֹרָד בֵּין הָעַמִּים בְּכֹל מְדִינוֹת מַלְכוּתֶךָ Then Haman said to King Ahasuerus, “There is a certain people scattered abroad and dispersed among the peoples in all the provinces of your kingdom. i47 וְדָתֵיהֶם שֹׁנוֹת מִכָּל־ עָם Their laws are different from those of every other people, i48 וְאֶת־ דָּתֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ אֵינָם עֹשִׂים and they do not keep the king’s laws, i46 series i44 series i49 וְלַמֶּלֶךְ אֵין־ שֹׁוֶה לְהַנִּיחָם׃ so that it is not to the king’s profit to tolerate them. i43 inference i51 אִם־ עַל־ הַמֶּלֶךְ טוֹב יִכָּתֵב לְאַבְּדָם If it please the king, let it be decreed that they be destroyed, i52 וַעֲשֶׂרֶת אֲלָפִים כִּכַּר־ כֶּסֶף אֶשְׁקוֹל עַל־ יְדֵי עֹשֵׂי הַמְּלָאכָה לְהָבִיא אֶל־ גִּנְזֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ׃ and I will pay 10,000 talents of silver into the hands of those who have charge of the king’s business, that they may put it into the king’s treasuries.” i50 actionresult i42 inference i55 וַיָּסַר הַמֶּלֶךְ אֶת־ טַבַּעְתּוֹ מֵעַל יָדוֹ So the king took his signet ring from his hand i56 וַיִּתְּנָהּ לְהָמָן בֶּן־ הַמְּדָתָא הָאֲגָגִי צֹרֵר הַיְּהוּדִים׃ and gave it to Haman the Agagite, the son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews. i54 progression i58 וַיֹּאמֶר הַמֶּלֶךְ לְהָמָן הַכֶּסֶף נָתוּן לָךְ And the king said to Haman, “The money is given to you, i59 וְהָעָם לַעֲשׂוֹת בּוֹ כַּטּוֹב בְּעֵינֶיךָ׃ the people also, to do with them as it seems good to you.” i57 series i53 series i41 actionresult i63 וַיִּקָּרְאוּ סֹפְרֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ בַּחֹדֶשׁ הָרִאשׁוֹן בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁה עָשָׂר יוֹם בּוֹ Then the king’s scribes were summoned on the thirteenth day of the first month, i64 וַיִּכָּתֵב כְּכָל־ אֲשֶׁר־ צִוָּה הָמָן אֶל אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנֵי־ הַמֶּלֶךְ וְאֶל־ הַפַּחוֹת אֲשֶׁר ׀ עַל־ מְדִינָה וּמְדִינָה וְאֶל־ שָׂרֵי עַם וָעָם מְדִינָה וּמְדִינָה כִּכְתָבָהּ וְעַם וָעָם כִּלְשׁוֹנוֹ בְּשֵׁם הַמֶּלֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹשׁ נִכְתָּב and an edict, according to all that Haman commanded, was written to the king’s satraps and to the governors over all the provinces and to the officials of all the peoples, to every province in its own script and every people in its own language. It was written in the name of King Ahasuerus i65 וְנֶחְתָּם בְּטַבַּעַת הַמֶּלֶךְ׃ and sealed with the king’s signet ring. i62 progression i67 וְנִשְׁלוֹחַ סְפָרִים בְּיַד הָרָצִים אֶל־ כָּל־ מְדִינוֹת הַמֶּלֶךְ לְהַשְׁמִיד לַהֲרֹג וּלְאַבֵּד אֶת־ כָּל־ הַיְּהוּדִים מִנַּעַר וְעַד־ זָקֵן טַף וְנָשִׁים בְּיוֹם אֶחָד בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁה עָשָׂר לְחֹדֶשׁ שְׁנֵים־ עָשָׂר הוּא־ חֹדֶשׁ אֲדָר Letters were sent by couriers to all the king’s provinces with instruction to destroy, to kill, and to annihilate all Jews, young and old, women and children, in one day, the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar, i68 וּשְׁלָלָם לָבוֹז׃ and to plunder their goods. i66 series i71 פַּתְשֶׁגֶן הַכְּתָב לְהִנָּתֵן דָּת בְּכָל־ מְדִינָה וּמְדִינָה גָּלוּי לְכָל־ הָעַמִּים לִהְיוֹת עֲתִדִים לַיּוֹם הַזֶּה׃ A copy of the document was to be issued as a decree in every province by proclamation to all the peoples to be ready for that day. i72 הָרָצִים יָצְאוּ דְחוּפִים בִּדְבַר הַמֶּלֶךְ The couriers went out hurriedly by order of the king, i70 series i73 וְהַדָּת נִתְּנָה בְּשׁוּשַׁן הַבִּירָה and the decree was issued in Susa the citadel. i69 locative i61 series i75 וְהַמֶּלֶךְ וְהָמָן יָשְׁבוּ לִשְׁתּוֹת And the king and Haman sat down to drink, i76 וְהָעִיר שׁוּשָׁן נָבוֹכָה׃ פ but the city of Susa was thrown into confusion. i74 alternative i60 series i37 series i1 series 1 1 b 50 wlc 25 esv 25 160 130 discourse