Anger

Because doing anything to denigrate the humanity of a person deserves God’s judgment, maintain peace between you and others by being quick to reconcile with others when they feel you have wronged them.

Arc

editing

Matthew 5:21-26

esv

mine

y “You have heard that it was said to those of old,

“You have heard that the law given to our forefathers said,

z ‘You shall not murder;

‘You should not kill anyone for an unjust reason;

and whoever murders will be liable a to judgment.’

and whoever does so is subject to be brought to court and tried for their crime.’

progression

ideaexplanation

But I say to you

[But I declare to you that this command is not limited to homicide.] Rather, I declare to you the full meaning of this command:

that b everyone who is angry with his brother 1

everyone who is angry at his brother

will be liable a to judgment;

is subject to the one who can judge anger in the heart;

conditional

whoever insults 2 his brother

whoever calls his brother a name like “you empty-headed”

will be liable to the council;

will be subject to the judgment of the Jewish supreme court;

and whoever says,

and whoever says to his brother,

‘You fool!’

‘You are nothing more than a fool!’

will be liable to c the hell 3 of fire.

has enough guilt to be sent to hell.

concessive

d So if e you are offering your gift at the altar

[Given how serious it is when you get angry with a brother or offend a brother], if you are in the situation of having arrived at the temple after a long journey to make an offering

and there remember that your brother has something against you,

and at that moment you remember that you did something to wrong your brother (which made them angry with you),

locative

leave your gift there before the altar

leave your offering at the altar

and go.

and go make peace with your brother.

First be reconciled to your brother,

First, go make things right between you and your brother,

and then come and offer your gift.

and then come back to the altar and make your offering.

f Come to terms quickly with your accuser

Arrange an out-of-court settlement with someone suing you

while you are going with him to court,

while you are on your way to court

temporal

lest your accuser hand you over to the judge,

so that you don’t face legal consequences: the judge finding you guilty,

and the judge to the guard,

and then giving you to the warden,

and you be put in prison.

and the warden taking you to your cell.

Truly, I say to you, g you will never get out

I tell you a truthful thing: you will become free

until you have paid the last penny. 1

until you pay every penny of your fine. [There will be no parole.]

actionpurpose

series

inference

Credit to Blomberg, NAC

You have heard that murder deserves judgment

But I tell you that the true meaning of the command against murder is that any sort of ill will towards a brother deserves God’s judgment.

Even though you have understood the “not murder” command to refer only to homicide, I tell you that it actually prohibits doing anything that denigrates the humanity of your brother.

If your brother things you have wronged him, make an urgent effort to reconcile with him.

If you someone accuses you of a wrong, be quick to settle before you have to face the law.

Be quick to reconcile with someone when they feel you have wronged them, whether a brother or a non-believer.

discourse

Phrase

Matthew 5:21-26

The complete meaning of the command

The superficial meaning

“You have heard

that it was said

Content

to those

Destination

of old,

Attributive

‘You shall not murder;

and whoever murders will be liable

to judgment.’

The complete meaning

But I say

to you

who is angry

with his brother

Disadvantage

that everyone ... will be liable

Content #1

to judgment;

Reference

whoever insults his brother will be liable

Content #2

to the council;

and whoever says, ‘You fool!’ will be liable

Content #3

to the hell of fire.

Application: two examples of urgent reconciliation

Reconcile before offering a gift

So if you are offering your gift

Conditional

at the altar

Locative

and there remember

that your brother has something

against you,

leave your gift there

before the altar

and go.

First be reconciled

to your brother,

and then come and offer your gift.

Reconcile with those you have wronged

Come to terms quickly

with your accuser

while you are going

Temporal

with him

Accompaniment

to court,

lest your accuser hand you over

Purpose

to the judge,

and the judge

to the guard,

and you be put in prison.

Truly,

Manner

I say to you,

you will never get out

until you have paid the last penny.

phrasing

Markup

Matthew 5:21-26

Anger 21 y “You have heard that it was said to those of old, z ‘ You shall not murder ; and whoever murders will be liable a to judgment .’ 22 But I say to you that b everyone who is angry with his brother 1 will be liable a to judgment ; whoever insults 2 his brother will be liable to the council; and whoever says, ‘You fool!’ will be liable to c the hell 3 of fire. 23 d So if e you are offering your gift at the altar and there remember that your brother has something against you, 24 leave your gift there before the altar and go. First be reconciled to your brother , and then come and offer your gift . 25 f Come to terms quickly with your accuser while you are going with him to court, lest your accuser hand you over to the judge, and the judge to the guard, and you be put in prison. 26 Truly, I say to you, g you will never get out until you have paid the last penny. 1

Exodus 20:13

13 p “ You shall not murder . 1

Deuteronomy 5:17

17 j “‘ You shall not murder . 1

Matthew 19:18

18 He said to him, “Which ones?” And Jesus said, m “ You shall not murder , You shall not commit adultery, You shall not steal, You shall not bear false witness,

Romans 13:9

9 For the commandments, y “You shall not commit adultery, You shall not murder , You shall not steal, You shall not covet,” and any other commandment, are summed up in this word: z “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.”

James 2:11

11 For he who said, l “Do not commit adultery,” also said, l “ Do not murder .” If you do not commit adultery but do murder, you have become a transgressor of the law.

Deuteronomy 16:18

Justice 18 “You shall appoint e judges and officers in all your towns that the Lord your God is giving you, according to your tribes, and they shall judge the people with righteous judgment .

Matthew 18:9

9 e And if your eye causes you to sin, tear it out and throw it away. It is better for you to enter life with one eye than with two eyes to be thrown into the f hell 1 of fire.

1 John 3:15

15 b Everyone who hates his brother is a murderer , and you know that c no murderer has eternal life abiding in him.

Mark 9:43

43 n And if your hand causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life crippled than with two hands to go to o hell, 1 to p the unquenchable fire. 2

James 3:6

6 And i the tongue is a fire, a world of unrighteousness. The tongue is set among our members, j staining the whole body, setting on fire the entire course of life, 1 and set on fire by hell. 2

Matthew 5:29

29 k If your right eye l causes you to sin, tear it out and throw it away. For it is better that you lose one of your members than that your whole body be thrown into m hell.

Matthew 6:15

15 s but if you do not forgive others their trespasses, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses.

Mark 11:25

25 And whenever r you stand praying, s forgive, t if you have anything against anyone, so that u your Father also who is in heaven may forgive you your trespasses.” 1

Matthew 8:4

4 And Jesus said to him, g “See that you say nothing to anyone, but go, h show yourself to the priest and i offer the gift that Moses commanded, j for a proof to them.”

Matthew 23:18

18 And you say, ‘If anyone swears by the altar, it is nothing, but if anyone swears by x the gift that is on the altar, he is bound by his oath.’

Matthew 18:34-35

34 j And in anger his master delivered him to the jailers, 1 k until he should pay all his debt. 35 l So also my heavenly Father will do to every one of you, if you do not forgive your brother m from your heart.”

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