Meat Offered to Idols - Part 2
1 Corinthians 9:1-11:1
Issue 6: Conscience (part 2)
#Paul
Published October 5th, 2021; Updated October 5th, 2021
Phrase
Phrase
NT
1 Corinthians 9:1-11:1
esv
na28
mine
kjv
Principle #2: You Have Some Rights, But You Can Give It Up for the Sake of the Gospel (9:1-23)
Premise #1: (1) I am an apostle
Οὐκ εἰμὶ ἐλεύθερος; οὐκ εἰμὶ ἀπόστολος; οὐχὶ Ἰησοῦν τὸν κύριον ἡμῶν ἑόρακα; οὐ τὸ ἔργον μου ὑμεῖς ἐστε ἐν κυρίῳ;
Am I not an apostle? am I not free? have I not seen Jesus Christ our Lord? are not ye my work in the Lord?
Am I not free? Am I not an apostle? Have I not seen Jesus our Lord? Are not you my workmanship in the Lord?
Premise #1
na28
εἰ ἄλλοις οὐκ εἰμὶ ἀπόστολος,
If I be not an apostle unto others,
If to others I am not an apostle, at least I am to you, for you are the seal of my apostleship in the Lord.
Concession of 1/Condition of 2b
ἀλλά γε ὑμῖν εἰμι•
yet doubtless I am to you:
Apodosis of 2a
ἡ γὰρ σφραγίς μου τῆς ἀποστολῆς ὑμεῖς ἐστε ἐν κυρίῳ.
for the seal of mine apostleship are ye in the Lord.
Reason of 2b
Premise #2: Since (1) I am an apostle as testified by you, (2) I de serve certain rights as an apostle
Ἡ ἐμὴ ἀπολογία τοῖς ἐμὲ ἀνακρίνουσίν ἐστιν αὕτη.
Mine answer to them that do examine me is this,
This is my defense to those who would examine me.
Premise #2
na28
μὴ οὐκ ἔχομεν ἐξουσίαν φαγεῖν καὶ πεῖν; μὴ οὐκ ἔχομεν ἐξουσίαν ἀδελφὴν γυναῖκα περιάγειν
Have we not power to eat and to drink?
Do we not have the right to eat and drink?
Content of 3a
ὡς καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ ἀπόστολοι καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ τοῦ κυρίου καὶ Κηφᾶς;
Have we not power to lead about a sister, a wife, as well as other apostles, and as the brethren of the Lord, and Cephas?
Do we not have the right to take along a believing wife, as do the other apostles and the brothers of the Lord and Cephas?
ἢ μόνος ἐγὼ καὶ Βαρναβᾶς οὐκ ἔχομεν ἐξουσίαν μὴ ἐργάζεσθαι;
Or I only and Barnabas, have not we power to forbear working?
Or is it only Barnabas and I who have no right to refrain from working for a living?
Τίς στρατεύεται ἰδίοις ὀψωνίοις ποτέ;
Who goeth a warfare any time at his own charges?
Who serves as a soldier at his own expense? Who plants a vineyard without eating any of its fruit? Or who tends a flock without getting some of the milk?
Argument #1 for 3-6
na28
τίς φυτεύει ἀμπελῶνα καὶ τὸν καρπὸν αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἐσθίει;
who planteth a vineyard, and eateth not of the fruit thereof?
ἢ τίς ποιμαίνει ποίμνην καὶ ἐκ τοῦ γάλακτος τῆς ποίμνης οὐκ ἐσθίει;
or who feedeth a flock, and eateth not of the milk of the flock?
Μὴ κατὰ ἄνθρωπον ταῦτα λαλῶ ἢ καὶ ὁ νόμος ταῦτα οὐ λέγει;
Say I these things as a man? or saith not the law the same also?
Do I say these things on human authority? Does not the Law say the same?
Argument #2 for 3-6
na28
ἐν γὰρ τῷ Μωϋσέως νόμῳ γέγραπται• οὐ κημώσεις βοῦν ἀλοῶντα.
For it is written in the law of Moses, Thou shalt not muzzle the mouth of the ox that treadeth out the corn.
For it is written in the Law of Moses, “You shall not muzzle an ox when it treads out the grain.” Is it for oxen that God is concerned?
Proof of 8
μὴ τῶν βοῶν μέλει τῷ θεῷ
Doth God take care for oxen?
Interpretation of 8
ἢ διʼ ἡμᾶς πάντως λέγει;
Or saith he it altogether for our sakes?
Does he not certainly speak for our sake? It was written for our sake, because the plowman should plow in hope and the thresher thresh in hope of sharing in the crop.
διʼ ἡμᾶς γὰρ ἐγράφη
For our sakes, no doubt, this is written:
ὅτι ὀφείλει ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι ὁ ἀροτριῶν ἀροτριᾶν καὶ ὁ ἀλοῶν ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι τοῦ μετέχειν.
that he that ploweth should plow in hope; and that he that thresheth in hope should be partaker of his hope.
Reason of 10b
Contra-Expectation: Even though (1) I am an apostle and (2) I deserve certain rights, (3) I did not use my rights.
εἰ ἡμεῖς ὑμῖν τὰ πνευματικὰ ἐσπείραμεν,
If we have sown unto you spiritual things,
If we have sown spiritual things among you, is it too much if we reap material things from you?
Condition of 11b
na28
μέγα εἰ ἡμεῖς ὑμῶν τὰ σαρκικὰ θερίσομεν;
is it a great thing if we shall reap your carnal things?
Inference #1 from 3-10
Εἰ ἄλλοι τῆς ὑμῶν ἐξουσίας μετέχουσιν, οὐ μᾶλλον ἡμεῖς;
If others be partakers of this power over you, are not we rather?
If others share this rightful claim on you, do not we even more? Nevertheless, we have not made use of this right, but we endure anything rather than put an obstacle in the way of the gospel of Christ.
ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἐχρησάμεθα τῇ ἐξουσίᾳ ταύτῃ,
Nevertheless we have not used this power;
Premise #3 [Contraexpectation of 11-12]
ἀλλὰ πάντα στέγομεν,
but suffer all things,
ἵνα μή τινα ἐγκοπὴν δῶμεν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ τοῦ Χριστοῦ.
lest we should hinder the gospel of Christ.
Purpose of 12b-c
(3a) I did not use my rights because I want to preach the gospel with no charge (aka: "my boasting").
Οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι οἱ τὰ ἱερὰ ἐργαζόμενοι [τὰ] ἐκ τοῦ ἱεροῦ ἐσθίουσιν,
Do ye not know that they which minister about holy things live of the things of the temple?
Do you not know that those who are employed in the temple service get their food from the temple, and those who serve at the altar share in the sacrificial offerings?
Illustrations for 14
na28
οἱ τῷ θυσιαστηρίῳ παρεδρεύοντες τῷ θυσιαστηρίῳ συμμερίζονται;
and they which wait at the altar are partakers with the altar?
οὕτως καὶ ὁ κύριος διέταξεν τοῖς τὸ εὐαγγέλιον καταγγέλλουσιν ἐκ τοῦ εὐαγγελίου ζῆν.
Even so hath the Lord ordained that they which preach the gospel should live of the gospel.
In the same way, the Lord commanded that those who proclaim the gospel should get their living by the gospel.
Concession of 15
Ἐγὼ δὲ οὐ κέχρημαι οὐδενὶ τούτων. Οὐκ ἔγραψα δὲ ταῦτα, ἵνα οὕτως γένηται ἐν ἐμοί• καλὸν γάρ μοι μᾶλλον ἀποθανεῖν ἤ — τὸ καύχημά μου οὐδεὶς κενώσει.
But I have used none of these things: neither have I written these things, that it should be so done unto me: for it were better for me to die, than that any man should make my glorying void.
But I have made no use of any of these rights, nor am I writing these things to secure any such provision. For I would rather die than have anyone deprive me of my ground for boasting.
Reason #1 (for 11-12)
ἐὰν γὰρ εὐαγγελίζωμαι, οὐκ ἔστιν μοι καύχημα• ἀνάγκη γάρ μοι ἐπίκειται• οὐαὶ γάρ μοί ἐστιν ἐὰν μὴ εὐαγγελίσωμαι.
For though I preach the gospel, I have nothing to glory of: for necessity is laid upon me; yea, woe is unto me, if I preach not the gospel!
For if I preach the gospel, that gives me no ground for boasting. For necessity is laid upon me. Woe to me if I do not preach the gospel!
Condition #1 = Problem
εἰ γὰρ ἑκὼν τοῦτο πράσσω, μισθὸν ἔχω•
For if I do this thing willingly, I have a reward:
For if I do this of my own will, I have a reward, but if not of my own will, I am still entrusted with a stewardship.
Condition #2 = Problem
εἰ δὲ ἄκων, οἰκονομίαν πεπίστευμαι•
but if against my will, a dispensation of the gospel is committed unto me.
Condition #3 = Problem
τίς οὖν μού ἐστιν ὁ μισθός;
What is my reward then?
What then is my reward? That in my preaching I may present the gospel free of charge, so as not to make full use of my right in the gospel.
Explanation of 15c [Solution to 16-17]
ἵνα εὐαγγελιζόμενος ἀδάπανον θήσω τὸ εὐαγγέλιον εἰς τὸ μὴ καταχρήσασθαι τῇ ἐξουσίᾳ μου ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ.
Verily that, when I preach the gospel, I may make the gospel of Christ without charge, that I abuse not my power in the gospel.
(3b) I want to preach the gospel with no charge because I want to win more.
Ἐλεύθερος γὰρ ὢν ἐκ πάντων πᾶσιν ἐμαυτὸν ἐδούλωσα, ἵνα τοὺς πλείονας κερδήσω•
For though I be free from all men, yet have I made myself servant unto all, that I might gain the more.
For though I am free from all, I have made myself a servant to all, that I might win more of them.
Reason #2 (for 13-18)
na28
καὶ ἐγενόμην τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις ὡς Ἰουδαῖος, ἵνα Ἰουδαίους κερδήσω•
And unto the Jews I became as a Jew, that I might gain the Jews;
To the Jews I became as a Jew, in order to win Jews. To those under the law I became as one under the law (though not being myself under the law) that I might win those under the law.
Examples of 19
τοῖς ὑπὸ νόμον ὡς ὑπὸ νόμον, μὴ ὢν αὐτὸς ὑπὸ νόμον, ἵνα τοὺς ὑπὸ νόμον κερδήσω•
to them that are under the law, as under the law, that I might gain them that are under the law;
τοῖς ἀνόμοις ὡς ἄνομος, μὴ ὢν ἄνομος θεοῦ ἀλλʼ ἔννομος Χριστοῦ, ἵνα κερδάνω τοὺς ἀνόμους•
To them that are without law, as without law, (being not without law to God, but under the law to Christ,) that I might gain them that are without law.
To those outside the law I became as one outside the law (not being outside the law of God but under the law of Christ) that I might win those outside the law.
ἐγενόμην τοῖς ἀσθενέσιν ἀσθενής, ἵνα τοὺς ἀσθενεῖς κερδήσω•
To the weak became I as weak, that I might gain the weak:
To the weak I became weak, that I might win the weak. I have become all things to all people, that by all means I might save some.
τοῖς πᾶσιν γέγονα πάντα, ἵνα πάντως τινὰς σώσω.
I am made all things to all men, that I might by all means save some.
(3c) I want to preach the gospel with no charge because I want to partake in the gospel.
πάντα δὲ ποιῶ διὰ τὸ εὐαγγέλιον, ἵνα συγκοινωνὸς αὐτοῦ γένωμαι.
And this I do for the gospel's sake, that I might be partaker thereof with you.
I do it all for the sake of the gospel, that I may share with them in its blessings.
Reason #2 (for 13-18) [Restatement of 18]
na28
Principle #3: Don't Mistake Sin for "Rights" (9:24--10:22)
Premise #1: We run the race with self-discipline because we don't want to be disqualified.
Οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι οἱ ἐν σταδίῳ τρέχοντες πάντες μὲν τρέχουσιν,
Know ye not that they which run in a race run all,
Do you not know that in a race all the runners run, but only one receives the prize? So run that you may obtain it.
Illustration of 24c
na28
εἷς δὲ λαμβάνει τὸ βραβεῖον;
but one receiveth the prize?
οὕτως τρέχετε ἵνα καταλάβητε.
So run, that ye may obtain.
Command 2
na28
πᾶς δὲ ὁ ἀγωνιζόμενος πάντα ἐγκρατεύεται, ἐκεῖνοι μὲν οὖν ἵνα φθαρτὸν στέφανον λάβωσιν, ἡμεῖς δὲ ἄφθαρτον.
And every man that striveth for the mastery is temperate in all things. Now they do it to obtain a corruptible crown; but we an incorruptible.
Every athlete exercises self- control in all things. They do it to receive a perishable wreath, but we an imperishable.
Motivation for 26a
na28
ἐγὼ τοίνυν οὕτως τρέχω ὡς οὐκ ἀδήλως,
I therefore so run, not as uncertainly;
So I do not run aimlessly; I do not box as one beating the air.
Means of 24c
οὕτως πυκτεύω ὡς οὐκ ἀέρα δέρων•
so fight I, not as one that beateth the air:
ἀλλʼ ὑπωπιάζω μου τὸ σῶμα καὶ δουλαγωγῶ,
But I keep under my body, and bring it into subjection:
But I discipline my body and keep it under control, lest after preaching to others I myself should be disqualified.
μή πως ἄλλοις κηρύξας αὐτὸς ἀδόκιμος γένωμαι.
lest that by any means, when I have preached to others, I myself should be a castaway.
Reason for 27a
Premise #2: We don't want to be disqualified because we see that some in the OT were disqualified through their idolatry.
Οὐ θέλω γὰρ ὑμᾶς ἀγνοεῖν, ἀδελφοί, ὅτι
Moreover, brethren, I would not that ye should be ignorant, how that
For I do not want you to be unaware, brothers, that our fathers were all under the cloud, and all passed through the sea,
Reason of 24c
na28
οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν πάντες ὑπὸ τὴν νεφέλην ἦσαν
all our fathers were under the cloud, and all passed through the sea;
Content of 10a
καὶ πάντες διὰ τῆς θαλάσσης διῆλθον
καὶ πάντες εἰς τὸν Μωϋσῆν ἐβαπτίσθησαν ἐν τῇ νεφέλῃ καὶ ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ
And were all baptized unto Moses in the cloud and in the sea;
and all were baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea,
καὶ πάντες τὸ αὐτὸ πνευματικὸν βρῶμα ἔφαγον
And did all eat the same spiritual meat;
and all ate the same spiritual food,
καὶ πάντες τὸ αὐτὸ πνευματικὸν ἔπιον πόμα•
And did all drink the same spiritual drink:
and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank from the spiritual Rock that followed them, and the Rock was Christ.
ἔπινον γὰρ ἐκ πνευματικῆς ἀκολουθούσης πέτρας, ἡ πέτρα δὲ ἦν ὁ Χριστός.
for they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock was Christ.
Ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἐν τοῖς πλείοσιν αὐτῶν εὐδόκησεν ὁ θεός,
But with many of them God was not well pleased:
Nevertheless, with most of them God was not pleased, for they were overthrown in the wilderness.
κατεστρώθησαν γὰρ ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ.
for they were overthrown in the wilderness.
Ταῦτα δὲ τύποι ἡμῶν ἐγενήθησαν, εἰς τὸ μὴ εἶναι ἡμᾶς ἐπιθυμητὰς κακῶν, καθὼς κἀκεῖνοι ἐπεθύμησαν.
Now these things were our examples, to the intent we should not lust after evil things, as they also lusted.
Now these things took place as examples for us, that we might not desire evil as they did.
Reason #1 for 10a
na28
μηδὲ εἰδωλολάτραι γίνεσθε καθώς τινες αὐτῶν, ὥσπερ γέγραπται• ἐκάθισεν ὁ λαὸς φαγεῖν καὶ πεῖν καὶ ἀνέστησαν παίζειν.
Neither be ye idolaters, as were some of them; as it is written, The people sat down to eat and drink, and rose up to play.
Do not be idolaters as some of them were; as it is written, “The people sat down to eat and drink and rose up to play.”
Prohibitions based on 6
μηδὲ πορνεύωμεν, καθώς τινες αὐτῶν ἐπόρνευσαν καὶ ἔπεσαν μιᾷ ἡμέρᾳ εἴκοσι τρεῖς χιλιάδες.
Neither let us commit fornication, as some of them committed, and fell in one day three and twenty thousand.
We must not indulge in sexual immorality as some of them did, and twenty- three thousand fell in a single day.
μηδὲ ἐκπειράζωμεν τὸν Χριστόν, καθώς τινες αὐτῶν ἐπείρασαν καὶ ὑπὸ τῶν ὄφεων ἀπώλλυντο.
Neither let us tempt Christ, as some of them also tempted, and were destroyed of serpents.
We must not put Christ to the test, as some of them did and were destroyed by serpents,
μηδὲ γογγύζετε, καθάπερ τινὲς αὐτῶν ἐγόγγυσαν καὶ ἀπώλοντο ὑπὸ τοῦ ὀλοθρευτοῦ.
Neither murmur ye, as some of them also murmured, and were destroyed of the destroyer.
nor grumble, as some of them did and were destroyed by the Destroyer.
ταῦτα δὲ τυπικῶς συνέβαινεν ἐκείνοις,
Now all these things happened unto them for ensamples:
Now these things happened to them as an example, but they were written down for our instruction, on whom the end of the ages has come.
Reason #2 for 10a
na28
ἐγράφη δὲ πρὸς νουθεσίαν ἡμῶν, εἰς οὓς τὰ τέλη τῶν αἰώνων κατήντηκεν.
and they are written for our admonition, upon whom the ends of the world are come.
Ὥστε ὁ δοκῶν ἑστάναι βλεπέτω μὴ πέσῃ.
Wherefore let him that thinketh he standeth take heed lest he fall.
Therefore let anyone who thinks that he stands take heed lest he fall.
Warning based on 11
πειρασμὸς ὑμᾶς οὐκ εἴληφεν εἰ μὴ ἀνθρώπινος•
There hath no temptation taken you but such as is common to man:
No temptation has overtaken you that is not common to man. God is faithful, and he will not let you be tempted beyond your ability, but with the temptation he will also provide the way of escape, that you may be able to endure it.
πιστὸς δὲ ὁ θεός, ὃς οὐκ ἐάσει ὑμᾶς πειρασθῆναι ὑπὲρ ὃ δύνασθε ἀλλὰ ποιήσει σὺν τῷ πειρασμῷ καὶ τὴν ἔκβασιν τοῦ δύνασθαι ὑπενεγκεῖν.
but God is faithful, who will not suffer you to be tempted above that ye are able; but will with the temptation also make a way to escape, that ye may be able to bear it.
Conclusion: Because idolatry disqualifies, flee idolatry.
Διόπερ, ἀγαπητοί μου, φεύγετε ἀπὸ τῆς εἰδωλολατρίας.
Wherefore, my dearly beloved, flee from idolatry.
Therefore, my beloved, flee from idolatry.
Command #3 (Inference from 1-13)
na28
ὡς φρονίμοις λέγω• κρίνατε ὑμεῖς ὅ φημι.
I speak as to wise men; judge ye what I say.
I speak as to sensible people; judge for yourselves what I say.
Τὸ ποτήριον τῆς εὐλογίας ὃ εὐλογοῦμεν, οὐχὶ κοινωνία ἐστὶν τοῦ αἵματος τοῦ Χριστοῦ; τὸν ἄρτον ὃν κλῶμεν, οὐχὶ κοινωνία τοῦ σώματος τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐστιν;
The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not the communion of the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not the communion of the body of Christ?
The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ?
Basis for 19-20
na28
ὅτι εἷς ἄρτος, ἓν σῶμα οἱ πολλοί ἐσμεν, οἱ γὰρ πάντες ἐκ τοῦ ἑνὸς ἄρτου μετέχομεν.
For we being many are one bread, and one body: for we are all partakers of that one bread.
Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body, for we all partake of the one bread.
βλέπετε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ κατὰ σάρκα• οὐχ οἱ ἐσθίοντες τὰς θυσίας κοινωνοὶ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου εἰσίν;
Behold Israel after the flesh: are not they which eat of the sacrifices partakers of the altar?
Consider the people of Israel: are not those who eat the sacrifices participants in the altar?
Τί οὖν φημι;
What say I then?
What do I imply then? That food offered to idols is anything, or that an idol is anything?
Conclusion of 16-18
ὅτι εἰδωλόθυτόν τί ἐστιν ἢ ὅτι εἴδωλόν τί ἐστιν;
that the idol is any thing, or that which is offered in sacrifice to idols is any thing?
ἀλλʼ ὅτι ἃ θύουσιν, δαιμονίοις καὶ οὐ θεῷ [θύουσιν]•
But I say, that the things which the Gentiles sacrifice, they sacrifice to devils, and not to God:
No, I imply that what pagans sacrifice they offer to demons and not to God. I do not want you to be participants with demons.
οὐ θέλω δὲ ὑμᾶς κοινωνοὺς τῶν δαιμονίων γίνεσθαι.
and I would not that ye should have fellowship with devils.
na28
οὐ δύνασθε ποτήριον κυρίου πίνειν καὶ ποτήριον δαιμονίων,
Ye cannot drink the cup of the Lord, and the cup of devils:
You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons. You cannot partake of the table of the Lord and the table of demons.
Prohibition based on 16-20
οὐ δύνασθε τραπέζης κυρίου μετέχειν καὶ τραπέζης δαιμονίων.
ye cannot be partakers of the Lord's table, and of the table of devils.
ἢ παραζηλοῦμεν τὸν κύριον; μὴ ἰσχυρότεροι αὐτοῦ ἐσμεν;
Do we provoke the Lord to jealousy? are we stronger than he?
Shall we provoke the Lord to jealousy? Are we stronger than he?
Principle #4: Priorities Edifying Others Over Your Rights
Πάντα ἔξεστιν ἀλλʼ οὐ πάντα συμφέρει•
All things are lawful for me, but all things are not expedient:
“All things are lawful,” but not all things are helpful. “All things are lawful,” but not all things build up.
Grounds for 24
na28
πάντα ἔξεστιν ἀλλʼ οὐ πάντα οἰκοδομεῖ.
all things are lawful for me, but all things edify not.
μηδεὶς τὸ ἑαυτοῦ ζητείτω ἀλλὰ τὸ τοῦ ἑτέρου.
Let no man seek his own, but every man another's wealth.
Let no one seek his own good, but the good of his neighbor.
na28
Command #4
Πᾶν τὸ ἐν μακέλλῳ πωλούμενον ἐσθίετε μηδὲν ἀνακρίνοντες διὰ τὴν συνείδησιν•
Whatsoever is sold in the shambles, that eat, asking no question for conscience sake:
Eat whatever is sold in the meat market without raising any question on the ground of conscience.
Application #1 of 24
na28
τοῦ κυρίου γὰρ ἡ γῆ καὶ τὸ πλήρωμα αὐτῆς.
For the earth is the Lord's, and the fulness thereof.
For “the earth is the Lord’s, and the fullness thereof.”
Reason of 25
εἴ τις καλεῖ ὑμᾶς τῶν ἀπίστων καὶ θέλετε πορεύεσθαι, πᾶν τὸ παρατιθέμενον ὑμῖν ἐσθίετε μηδὲν ἀνακρίνοντες διὰ τὴν συνείδησιν.
If any of them that believe not bid you to a feast, and ye be disposed to go; whatsoever is set before you, eat, asking no question for conscience sake.
If one of the unbelievers invites you to dinner and you are disposed to go, eat whatever is set before you without raising any question on the ground of conscience.
Application #2 of 24
ἐὰν δέ τις ὑμῖν εἴπῃ• τοῦτο ἱερόθυτόν ἐστιν,
But if any man say unto you, This is offered in sacrifice unto idols,
But if someone says to you, “This has been offered in sacrifice,” then do not eat it, for the sake of the one who informed you, and for the sake of conscience—
Application #2 of 24
μὴ ἐσθίετε διʼ ἐκεῖνον τὸν μηνύσαντα καὶ τὴν συνείδησιν•
eat not for his sake that shewed it, and for conscience sake: for the earth is the Lord's, and the fulness thereof:
συνείδησιν δὲ λέγω οὐχὶ τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ἀλλὰ τὴν τοῦ ἑτέρου.
Conscience, I say, not thine own, but of the other:
I do not mean your conscience, but his. For why should my liberty be determined by someone else’s conscience?
Explanation of 28
ἱνατί γὰρ ἡ ἐλευθερία μου κρίνεται ὑπὸ ἄλλης συνειδήσεως;
for why is my liberty judged of another man's conscience?
Reason of 29a
εἰ ἐγὼ χάριτι μετέχω, τί βλασφημοῦμαι ὑπὲρ οὗ ἐγὼ εὐχαριστῶ;
For if I by grace be a partaker, why am I evil spoken of for that for which I give thanks?
If I partake with thankfulness, why am I denounced because of that for which I give thanks?
Paul's Conclusion: Do All to the Glory of God (10:31--11:1)
Εἴτε οὖν ἐσθίετε εἴτε πίνετε εἴτε τι ποιεῖτε,
Whether therefore ye eat, or drink, or whatsoever ye do,
So, whether you eat or drink, or whatever you do, do all to the glory of God.
Situation of 31b
na28
πάντα εἰς δόξαν θεοῦ ποιεῖτε.
do all to the glory of God.
na28
Command #5
ἀπρόσκοποι καὶ Ἰουδαίοις γίνεσθε καὶ Ἕλλησιν καὶ τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ τοῦ θεοῦ,
Give none offence, neither to the Jews, nor to the Gentiles, nor to the church of God:
Give no offense to Jews or to Greeks or to the church of God,
Means of 31b
na28
καθὼς κἀγὼ πάντα πᾶσιν ἀρέσκω μὴ ζητῶν τὸ ἐμαυτοῦ σύμφορον ἀλλὰ τὸ τῶν πολλῶν,
Even as I please all men in all things, not seeking mine own profit, but the profit of many,
just as I try to please everyone in everything I do, not seeking my own advantage, but that of many, that they may be saved.
Manner of 32
ἵνα σωθῶσιν.
that they may be saved.
Purpose of 33a
μιμηταί μου γίνεσθε καθὼς κἀγὼ Χριστοῦ.
Be ye followers of me, even as I also am of Christ.
Be imitators of me, as I am of Christ.
Means of 31b
na28
Οὐκ εἰμὶ ἐλεύθερος; οὐκ εἰμὶ ἀπόστολος; οὐχὶ Ἰησοῦν τὸν κύριον ἡμῶν ἑόρακα; οὐ τὸ ἔργον μου ὑμεῖς ἐστε ἐν κυρίῳ;
εἰ ἄλλοις οὐκ εἰμὶ ἀπόστολος, ἀλλά γε ὑμῖν εἰμι• ἡ γὰρ σφραγίς μου τῆς ἀποστολῆς ὑμεῖς ἐστε ἐν κυρίῳ.
Ἡ ἐμὴ ἀπολογία τοῖς ἐμὲ ἀνακρίνουσίν ἐστιν αὕτη.
μὴ οὐκ ἔχομεν ἐξουσίαν φαγεῖν καὶ πεῖν;
μὴ οὐκ ἔχομεν ἐξουσίαν ἀδελφὴν γυναῖκα περιάγειν ὡς καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ ἀπόστολοι καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ τοῦ κυρίου καὶ Κηφᾶς;
ἢ μόνος ἐγὼ καὶ Βαρναβᾶς οὐκ ἔχομεν ἐξουσίαν μὴ ἐργάζεσθαι;
Τίς στρατεύεται ἰδίοις ὀψωνίοις ποτέ; τίς φυτεύει ἀμπελῶνα καὶ τὸν καρπὸν αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἐσθίει; ἢ τίς ποιμαίνει ποίμνην καὶ ἐκ τοῦ γάλακτος τῆς ποίμνης οὐκ ἐσθίει;
Μὴ κατὰ ἄνθρωπον ταῦτα λαλῶ ἢ καὶ ὁ νόμος ταῦτα οὐ λέγει;
ἐν γὰρ τῷ Μωϋσέως νόμῳ γέγραπται• οὐ κημώσεις βοῦν ἀλοῶντα. μὴ τῶν βοῶν μέλει τῷ θεῷ
G2777+1
ἢ διʼ ἡμᾶς πάντως λέγει; διʼ ἡμᾶς γὰρ ἐγράφη ὅτι ὀφείλει ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι ὁ ἀροτριῶν ἀροτριᾶν καὶ ὁ ἀλοῶν ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι τοῦ μετέχειν.
εἰ ἡμεῖς ὑμῖν τὰ πνευματικὰ ἐσπείραμεν, μέγα εἰ ἡμεῖς ὑμῶν τὰ σαρκικὰ θερίσομεν;
Εἰ ἄλλοι τῆς ὑμῶν ἐξουσίας μετέχουσιν, οὐ μᾶλλον ἡμεῖς; ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἐχρησάμεθα τῇ ἐξουσίᾳ ταύτῃ, ἀλλὰ πάντα στέγομεν, ἵνα μή τινα ἐγκοπὴν δῶμεν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ τοῦ Χριστοῦ.
Οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι οἱ τὰ ἱερὰ ἐργαζόμενοι [τὰ] ἐκ τοῦ ἱεροῦ ἐσθίουσιν, οἱ τῷ θυσιαστηρίῳ παρεδρεύοντες τῷ θυσιαστηρίῳ συμμερίζονται;
G3917+1
οὕτως καὶ ὁ κύριος διέταξεν τοῖς τὸ εὐαγγέλιον καταγγέλλουσιν ἐκ τοῦ εὐαγγελίου ζῆν.
Ἐγὼ δὲ οὐ κέχρημαι οὐδενὶ τούτων. Οὐκ ἔγραψα δὲ ταῦτα, ἵνα οὕτως γένηται ἐν ἐμοί• καλὸν γάρ μοι μᾶλλον ἀποθανεῖν ἤ — τὸ καύχημά μου οὐδεὶς κενώσει.
ἐὰν γὰρ εὐαγγελίζωμαι, οὐκ ἔστιν μοι καύχημα• ἀνάγκη γάρ μοι ἐπίκειται• οὐαὶ γάρ μοί ἐστιν ἐὰν μὴ εὐαγγελίσωμαι.
εἰ γὰρ ἑκὼν τοῦτο πράσσω, μισθὸν ἔχω• εἰ δὲ ἄκων, οἰκονομίαν πεπίστευμαι•
τίς οὖν μού ἐστιν ὁ μισθός; ἵνα εὐαγγελιζόμενος ἀδάπανον θήσω τὸ εὐαγγέλιον εἰς τὸ μὴ καταχρήσασθαι τῇ ἐξουσίᾳ μου ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ.
Ἐλεύθερος γὰρ ὢν ἐκ πάντων πᾶσιν ἐμαυτὸν ἐδούλωσα, ἵνα τοὺς πλείονας κερδήσω•
καὶ ἐγενόμην τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις ὡς Ἰουδαῖος, ἵνα Ἰουδαίους κερδήσω• τοῖς ὑπὸ νόμον ὡς ὑπὸ νόμον, μὴ ὢν αὐτὸς ὑπὸ νόμον, ἵνα τοὺς ὑπὸ νόμον κερδήσω•
τοῖς ἀνόμοις ὡς ἄνομος, μὴ ὢν ἄνομος θεοῦ ἀλλʼ ἔννομος Χριστοῦ, ἵνα κερδάνω τοὺς ἀνόμους•
ἐγενόμην τοῖς ἀσθενέσιν ἀσθενής, ἵνα τοὺς ἀσθενεῖς κερδήσω• τοῖς πᾶσιν γέγονα πάντα, ἵνα πάντως τινὰς σώσω.
πάντα δὲ ποιῶ διὰ τὸ εὐαγγέλιον, ἵνα συγκοινωνὸς αὐτοῦ γένωμαι.
Οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι οἱ ἐν σταδίῳ τρέχοντες πάντες μὲν τρέχουσιν, εἷς δὲ λαμβάνει τὸ βραβεῖον; οὕτως τρέχετε ἵνα καταλάβητε.
πᾶς δὲ ὁ ἀγωνιζόμενος πάντα ἐγκρατεύεται, ἐκεῖνοι μὲν οὖν ἵνα φθαρτὸν στέφανον λάβωσιν, ἡμεῖς δὲ ἄφθαρτον.
ἐγὼ τοίνυν οὕτως τρέχω ὡς οὐκ ἀδήλως, οὕτως πυκτεύω ὡς οὐκ ἀέρα δέρων•
ἀλλʼ ὑπωπιάζω μου τὸ σῶμα καὶ δουλαγωγῶ, μή πως ἄλλοις κηρύξας αὐτὸς ἀδόκιμος γένωμαι.
Οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι οἱ ἐν σταδίῳ τρέχοντες πάντες μὲν τρέχουσιν, εἷς δὲ λαμβάνει τὸ βραβεῖον; οὕτως τρέχετε ἵνα καταλάβητε.
πᾶς δὲ ὁ ἀγωνιζόμενος πάντα ἐγκρατεύεται, ἐκεῖνοι μὲν οὖν ἵνα φθαρτὸν στέφανον λάβωσιν, ἡμεῖς δὲ ἄφθαρτον.
ἐγὼ τοίνυν οὕτως τρέχω ὡς οὐκ ἀδήλως, οὕτως πυκτεύω ὡς οὐκ ἀέρα δέρων•
ἀλλʼ ὑπωπιάζω μου τὸ σῶμα καὶ δουλαγωγῶ, μή πως ἄλλοις κηρύξας αὐτὸς ἀδόκιμος γένωμαι.
Οὐ θέλω γὰρ ὑμᾶς ἀγνοεῖν, ἀδελφοί, ὅτι οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν πάντες ὑπὸ τὴν νεφέλην ἦσαν καὶ πάντες διὰ τῆς θαλάσσης διῆλθον
καὶ πάντες εἰς τὸν Μωϋσῆν ἐβαπτίσθησαν ἐν τῇ νεφέλῃ καὶ ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ
καὶ πάντες τὸ αὐτὸ πνευματικὸν βρῶμα ἔφαγον
καὶ πάντες τὸ αὐτὸ πνευματικὸν ἔπιον πόμα• ἔπινον γὰρ ἐκ πνευματικῆς ἀκολουθούσης πέτρας, ἡ πέτρα δὲ ἦν ὁ Χριστός.
Ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἐν τοῖς πλείοσιν αὐτῶν εὐδόκησεν ὁ θεός, κατεστρώθησαν γὰρ ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ.
Ταῦτα δὲ τύποι ἡμῶν ἐγενήθησαν, εἰς τὸ μὴ εἶναι ἡμᾶς ἐπιθυμητὰς κακῶν, καθὼς κἀκεῖνοι ἐπεθύμησαν.
μηδὲ εἰδωλολάτραι γίνεσθε καθώς τινες αὐτῶν, ὥσπερ γέγραπται• ἐκάθισεν ὁ λαὸς φαγεῖν καὶ πεῖν καὶ ἀνέστησαν παίζειν.
μηδὲ πορνεύωμεν, καθώς τινες αὐτῶν ἐπόρνευσαν καὶ ἔπεσαν μιᾷ ἡμέρᾳ εἴκοσι τρεῖς χιλιάδες.
μηδὲ ἐκπειράζωμεν τὸν Χριστόν, καθώς τινες αὐτῶν ἐπείρασαν καὶ ὑπὸ τῶν ὄφεων ἀπώλλυντο.
μηδὲ γογγύζετε, καθάπερ τινὲς αὐτῶν ἐγόγγυσαν καὶ ἀπώλοντο ὑπὸ τοῦ ὀλοθρευτοῦ.
ταῦτα δὲ τυπικῶς συνέβαινεν ἐκείνοις, ἐγράφη δὲ πρὸς νουθεσίαν ἡμῶν, εἰς οὓς τὰ τέλη τῶν αἰώνων κατήντηκεν.
G5178+1
Ὥστε ὁ δοκῶν ἑστάναι βλεπέτω μὴ πέσῃ.
πειρασμὸς ὑμᾶς οὐκ εἴληφεν εἰ μὴ ἀνθρώπινος• πιστὸς δὲ ὁ θεός, ὃς οὐκ ἐάσει ὑμᾶς πειρασθῆναι ὑπὲρ ὃ δύνασθε ἀλλὰ ποιήσει σὺν τῷ πειρασμῷ καὶ τὴν ἔκβασιν τοῦ δύνασθαι ὑπενεγκεῖν.
Διόπερ, ἀγαπητοί μου, φεύγετε ἀπὸ τῆς εἰδωλολατρίας.
ὡς φρονίμοις λέγω• κρίνατε ὑμεῖς ὅ φημι.
Τὸ ποτήριον τῆς εὐλογίας ὃ εὐλογοῦμεν, οὐχὶ κοινωνία ἐστὶν τοῦ αἵματος τοῦ Χριστοῦ; τὸν ἄρτον ὃν κλῶμεν, οὐχὶ κοινωνία τοῦ σώματος τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐστιν;
ὅτι εἷς ἄρτος, ἓν σῶμα οἱ πολλοί ἐσμεν, οἱ γὰρ πάντες ἐκ τοῦ ἑνὸς ἄρτου μετέχομεν.
βλέπετε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ κατὰ σάρκα• οὐχ οἱ ἐσθίοντες τὰς θυσίας κοινωνοὶ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου εἰσίν;
Τί οὖν φημι; ὅτι εἰδωλόθυτόν τί ἐστιν ἢ ὅτι εἴδωλόν τί ἐστιν;
ἀλλʼ ὅτι ἃ θύουσιν, δαιμονίοις καὶ οὐ θεῷ [θύουσιν]• οὐ θέλω δὲ ὑμᾶς κοινωνοὺς τῶν δαιμονίων γίνεσθαι.
οὐ δύνασθε ποτήριον κυρίου πίνειν καὶ ποτήριον δαιμονίων, οὐ δύνασθε τραπέζης κυρίου μετέχειν καὶ τραπέζης δαιμονίων.
ἢ παραζηλοῦμεν τὸν κύριον; μὴ ἰσχυρότεροι αὐτοῦ ἐσμεν;
Πάντα ἔξεστιν ἀλλʼ οὐ πάντα συμφέρει• πάντα ἔξεστιν ἀλλʼ οὐ πάντα οἰκοδομεῖ.
μηδεὶς τὸ ἑαυτοῦ ζητείτω ἀλλὰ τὸ τοῦ ἑτέρου.
Πᾶν τὸ ἐν μακέλλῳ πωλούμενον ἐσθίετε μηδὲν ἀνακρίνοντες διὰ τὴν συνείδησιν•
τοῦ κυρίου γὰρ ἡ γῆ καὶ τὸ πλήρωμα αὐτῆς.
εἴ τις καλεῖ ὑμᾶς τῶν ἀπίστων καὶ θέλετε πορεύεσθαι, πᾶν τὸ παρατιθέμενον ὑμῖν ἐσθίετε μηδὲν ἀνακρίνοντες διὰ τὴν συνείδησιν.
ἐὰν δέ τις ὑμῖν εἴπῃ• τοῦτο ἱερόθυτόν ἐστιν, μὴ ἐσθίετε διʼ ἐκεῖνον τὸν μηνύσαντα καὶ τὴν συνείδησιν•
G2410+1
συνείδησιν δὲ λέγω οὐχὶ τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ἀλλὰ τὴν τοῦ ἑτέρου. ἱνατί γὰρ ἡ ἐλευθερία μου κρίνεται ὑπὸ ἄλλης συνειδήσεως;
εἰ ἐγὼ χάριτι μετέχω, τί βλασφημοῦμαι ὑπὲρ οὗ ἐγὼ εὐχαριστῶ;
Εἴτε οὖν ἐσθίετε εἴτε πίνετε εἴτε τι ποιεῖτε, πάντα εἰς δόξαν θεοῦ ποιεῖτε.
ἀπρόσκοποι καὶ Ἰουδαίοις γίνεσθε καὶ Ἕλλησιν καὶ τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ τοῦ θεοῦ,
καθὼς κἀγὼ πάντα πᾶσιν ἀρέσκω μὴ ζητῶν τὸ ἐμαυτοῦ σύμφορον ἀλλὰ τὸ τῶν πολλῶν, ἵνα σωθῶσιν.
G4852+1
μιμηταί μου γίνεσθε καθὼς κἀγὼ Χριστοῦ.
phrasing
Comments
Disclaimer: The opinions and conclusions expressed on this page are those of the author and may or may not accord with the positions of Biblearc or Bethlehem College & Seminary.