Spiritual Gifts: Diversity

Therefore I want you to understand that no one speaking in the Spirit of God ever says “Jesus is accursed!” and no one can say “Jesus is Lord” except in the Holy Spirit.

διὸ γνωρίζω ὑμῖν ὅτι

Wherefore, I am making known to you that

Content #2 of 1b

οὐδεὶς ἐν πνεύματι θεοῦ λαλῶν λέγει•

no one who is speaking in the Spirit of God says,

Content of 3a

Ἀνάθεμα Ἰησοῦς,

"Jesus is accursed,"

καὶ οὐδεὶς δύναται εἰπεῖν•

and no one is able to say,

Κύριος Ἰησοῦς,

"Jesus is Lord,"

εἰ μὴ ἐν πνεύματι ἁγίῳ.

except in the Holy Spirit.

Now there are varieties of gifts, but the same Spirit;

Διαιρέσεις δὲ χαρισμάτων εἰσίν, τὸ δὲ αὐτὸ πνεῦμα•

Now there are varieties of gifts, but the same Spirit;

Assertion #1

and there are varieties of service, but the same Lord;

καὶ διαιρέσεις διακονιῶν εἰσιν, καὶ ὁ αὐτὸς κύριος•

and there are varieties of ministries, and the same Lord;

Coordinate w/ 4

and there are varieties of activities, but it is the same God who empowers them all in everyone.

καὶ διαιρέσεις ἐνεργημάτων εἰσίν, ὁ δὲ αὐτὸς θεὸς ὁ ἐνεργῶν τὰ πάντα ἐν πᾶσιν.

and there are varieties of working, but the same God who is working all things in all (people).

To each is given the manifestation of the Spirit for the common good.

ἑκάστῳ δὲ δίδοται ἡ φανέρωσις τοῦ πνεύματος

But the revelation of the Spirit is being given to each one

Assertion #2

πρὸς τὸ συμφέρον.

towards being profitable.

Goal of 7a

For to one is given through the Spirit the utterance of wisdom, and to another the utterance of knowledge according to the same Spirit,

ᾧ μὲν γὰρ διὰ τοῦ πνεύματος δίδοται λόγος σοφίας,

For on one hand, a word of wisdom through the Spirit is being given to one,

Explanation #1 of 4-7

ἄλλῳ δὲ λόγος γνώσεως κατὰ τὸ αὐτὸ πνεῦμα,

but to another a word of knowledge according to the same spirit,

Coordinate w/ 8

to another faith by the same Spirit, to another gifts of healing by the one Spirit,

ἑτέρῳ πίστις ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ πνεύματι,

to another faith in the same spirit,

ἄλλῳ δὲ χαρίσματα ἰαμάτων ἐν τῷ ἑνὶ πνεύματι,

but to another, gifts of healing with the one spirit,

to another the working of miracles, to another prophecy, to another the ability to distinguish between spirits, to another various kinds of tongues, to another the interpretation of tongues.

ἄλλῳ δὲ ἐνεργήματα δυνάμεων,

and to another, working of powers,

ἄλλῳ [δὲ] προφητεία,

and to another, prophecy,

ἄλλῳ [δὲ] διακρίσεις πνευμάτων,

and to another discerning of spirits,

ἑτέρῳ γένη γλωσσῶν,

to another kinds of languages,

ἄλλῳ δὲ ἑρμηνεία γλωσσῶν•

but to another an interpretation of languages;

All these are empowered by one and the same Spirit, who apportions to each one individually as he wills.

πάντα δὲ ταῦτα ἐνεργεῖ τὸ ἓν καὶ τὸ αὐτὸ πνεῦμα

But the one and the same Spirit is working all these things,

Adjunctive of 8

διαιροῦν ἰδίᾳ ἑκάστῳ καθὼς βούλεται.

distributing to each one's own just as he [the Spirit] desires.

Means of 11a

For just as the body is one and has many members, and all the members of the body, though many, are one body, so it is with Christ.

Καθάπερ γὰρ τὸ σῶμα ἕν ἐστιν καὶ μέλη πολλὰ ἔχει,

For even as the body is one and is having many members/parts,

Explanation #2 of 4-7

πάντα δὲ τὰ μέλη τοῦ σώματος πολλὰ ὄντα ἕν ἐστιν σῶμα,

but all (are) the members of the body, although being many is one body,

οὕτως καὶ ὁ Χριστός•

as also (is) the Christ;

Pattern of 12b

For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body— Jews or Greeks, slaves or free— and all were made to drink of one Spirit.

καὶ γὰρ ἐν ἑνὶ πνεύματι ἡμεῖς πάντες εἰς ἓν σῶμα ἐβαπτίσθημεν,

for also in one Spirit we all were baptized into one body,

Explanation 1 of 12a-b

εἴτε Ἰουδαῖοι εἴτε Ἕλληνες

whether Jews or Greeks

εἴτε δοῦλοι εἴτε ἐλεύθεροι,

whether slaves or free ones,

καὶ πάντες ἓν πνεῦμα ἐποτίσθημεν.

and all were made to drink one Spirit.

Explanation 2 of 12a-b

For the body does not consist of one member but of many.

Καὶ γὰρ τὸ σῶμα οὐκ ἔστιν ἓν μέλος ἀλλὰ πολλά.

For also the body is not one member but many.

Explanation #3 of 4-7

If the foot should say, “Because I am not a hand, I do not belong to the body,” that would not make it any less a part of the body.

ἐὰν εἴπῃ ὁ πούς•

If the foot says,

Condition of 15c

ὅτι οὐκ εἰμὶ χείρ, οὐκ εἰμὶ ἐκ τοῦ σώματος,

"Because I am not (the) hand, I am not (a member) from the body,"

οὐ παρὰ τοῦτο οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκ τοῦ σώματος;

Is it (really) not from the body because of this (saying)?

Argument #1 for 14

And if the ear should say, “Because I am not an eye, I do not belong to the body,” that would not make it any less a part of the body.

καὶ ἐὰν εἴπῃ τὸ οὖς•

and if the ear says,

Condition of 16c

ὅτι οὐκ εἰμὶ ὀφθαλμός, οὐκ εἰμὶ ἐκ τοῦ σώματος,

"Because I am not (the) eye, I am not from the body,"

οὐ παρὰ τοῦτο οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκ τοῦ σώματος;

Is it (really) not from the body because of this (saying)?

Alternative to 15c

If the whole body were an eye, where would be the sense of hearing? If the whole body were an ear, where would be the sense of smell?

εἰ ὅλον τὸ σῶμα ὀφθαλμός, ποῦ ἡ ἀκοή;

If the whole body (is) (the) eye, where is the hearing?

Argument #2 for 14

εἰ ὅλον ἀκοή, ποῦ ἡ ὄσφρησις;

If the whole (body) is (for) hearing, where (is) the sense of smelling?

Alternative to 17a

But as it is, God arranged the members in the body, each one of them, as he chose.

νυνὶ δὲ ὁ θεὸς ἔθετο τὰ μέλη, ἓν ἕκαστον αὐτῶν ἐν τῷ σώματι

But now God placed the members, each one of them in the body

Reinforcing 14; Inference from 15-17

καθὼς ἠθέλησεν.

just as he desired.

If all were a single member, where would the body be?

εἰ δὲ ἦν τὰ πάντα ἓν μέλος, ποῦ τὸ σῶμα;

and if every (single) one is one member, where is the body?

As it is, there are many parts, yet one body.

νῦν δὲ πολλὰ μὲν μέλη, ἓν δὲ σῶμα.

But now (there are) many members, and one body.

Explanation #4 of 4-7

The eye cannot say to the hand, “I have no need of you,” nor again the head to the feet, “I have no need of you.”

οὐ δύναται δὲ ὁ ὀφθαλμὸς εἰπεῖν τῇ χειρί•

And the eye is not able to say to the hand:

Illustrations of 20

χρείαν σου οὐκ ἔχω,

"I am having no need of you,"

ἢ πάλιν ἡ κεφαλὴ τοῖς ποσίν•

or again the head to the feet:

χρείαν ὑμῶν οὐκ ἔχω•

"I am having no need of you."

On the contrary, the parts of the body that seem to be weaker are indispensable,

ἀλλὰ πολλῷ μᾶλλον τὰ δοκοῦντα μέλη τοῦ σώματος ἀσθενέστερα ὑπάρχειν ἀναγκαῖά ἐστιν,

But the members who are seeming to be weak of the same body is more necessary,

Arguments for 20

and on those parts of the body that we think less honorable we bestow the greater honor, and our unpresentable parts are treated with greater modesty,

καὶ ἃ δοκοῦμεν ἀτιμότερα εἶναι τοῦ σώματος τούτοις τιμὴν περισσοτέραν περιτίθεμεν,

and the members of the body seems to be without honor - we are placing to them more honor,

καὶ τὰ ἀσχήμονα ἡμῶν εὐσχημοσύνην περισσοτέραν ἔχει,

and our unseemly (members) have more presentability,

which our more presentable parts do not require. But God has so composed the body, giving greater honor to the part that lacked it,

τὰ δὲ εὐσχήμονα ἡμῶν οὐ χρείαν ἔχει.

but our prominent (bodies) are not having a need (for it).

ἀλλʼ ὁ θεὸς συνεκέρασεν τὸ σῶμα τῷ ὑστερουμένῳ περισσοτέραν δοὺς τιμήν,

But God united the body, giving more honor to the one that lacks (it),

Explanation of 23-24a

that there may be no division in the body, but that the members may have the same care for one another.

ἵνα μὴ ᾖ σχίσμα ἐν τῷ σώματι

in order that there would be no division in the body

Purpose of 24b

ἀλλὰ τὸ αὐτὸ ὑπὲρ ἀλλήλων μεριμνῶσιν τὰ μέλη.

but the members would care the same (way) for one another.

Contrast of 25a

If one member suffers, all suffer together; if one member is honored, all rejoice together.

καὶ εἴτε πάσχει ἓν μέλος, συμπάσχει πάντα τὰ μέλη•

And whether one member is suffering, all the members are suffering with (it);

Manifestation #1 of 25b

εἴτε δοξάζεται [ἓν] μέλος, συγχαίρει πάντα τὰ μέλη.

or one member is glorying, all the members are rejoicing with (it).

Manifestation #2 of 25b

Now you are the body of Christ and individually members of it.

Ὑμεῖς δέ ἐστε σῶμα Χριστοῦ καὶ μέλη ἐκ μέρους.

Now you yourselves are the body of Christ and a member from parts.

Application of 8-26

And God has appointed in the church first apostles, second prophets, third teachers, then miracles, then gifts of healing, helping, administrating, and various kinds of tongues.

Καὶ οὓς μὲν ἔθετο ὁ θεὸς ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ

And God placed them in the church

Coordinate w/ 27

πρῶτον ἀποστόλους, δεύτερον προφήτας, τρίτον διδασκάλους,

first apostles, second prophets, third teachers

Specifics of 28

ἔπειτα δυνάμεις, ἔπειτα χαρίσματα ἰαμάτων, ἀντιλήμψεις, κυβερνήσεις, γένη γλωσσῶν.

then powers, then healing gifts, helps, administration, kinds of languages.

Are all apostles? Are all prophets? Are all teachers? Do all work miracles?

μὴ πάντες ἀπόστολοι; μὴ πάντες προφῆται; μὴ πάντες διδάσκαλοι; μὴ πάντες δυνάμεις;

All are not apostles, are they? All are not prophets, are they? All are not teachers, are they? All are not (workers) of power, are they?

Argumentation for 28

Do all possess gifts of healing? Do all speak with tongues? Do all interpret?

μὴ πάντες χαρίσματα ἔχουσιν ἰαμάτων; μὴ πάντες γλώσσαις λαλοῦσιν; μὴ πάντες διερμηνεύουσιν;

All are not having gifts of healings, are they? All are not speaking languages, are they? All are not interpreting, are they?

But earnestly desire the higher gifts. And I will show you a still more excellent way.

ζηλοῦτε δὲ τὰ χαρίσματα τὰ μείζονα.

But be zealous (for) the greater gifts.

Command

Καὶ ἔτι καθʼ ὑπερβολὴν ὁδὸν ὑμῖν δείκνυμι.

And I will still show you a superior way.

Coordinate w/ 31a

Περὶ δὲ τῶν πνευματικῶν, ἀδελφοί, οὐ θέλω ὑμᾶς ἀγνοεῖν.

Οἴδατε ὅτι ὅτε ἔθνη ἦτε πρὸς τὰ εἴδωλα τὰ ἄφωνα ὡς ἂν ἤγεσθε ἀπαγόμενοι.

διὸ γνωρίζω ὑμῖν ὅτι οὐδεὶς ἐν πνεύματι θεοῦ λαλῶν λέγει• Ἀνάθεμα Ἰησοῦς, καὶ οὐδεὶς δύναται εἰπεῖν• Κύριος Ἰησοῦς, εἰ μὴ ἐν πνεύματι ἁγίῳ.

Διαιρέσεις δὲ χαρισμάτων εἰσίν, τὸ δὲ αὐτὸ πνεῦμα•

καὶ διαιρέσεις διακονιῶν εἰσιν, καὶ ὁ αὐτὸς κύριος•

καὶ διαιρέσεις ἐνεργημάτων εἰσίν, ὁ δὲ αὐτὸς θεὸς ὁ ἐνεργῶν τὰ πάντα ἐν πᾶσιν.

ἑκάστῳ δὲ δίδοται ἡ φανέρωσις τοῦ πνεύματος πρὸς τὸ συμφέρον.

ᾧ μὲν γὰρ διὰ τοῦ πνεύματος δίδοται λόγος σοφίας, ἄλλῳ δὲ λόγος γνώσεως κατὰ τὸ αὐτὸ πνεῦμα,

ἑτέρῳ πίστις ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ πνεύματι, ἄλλῳ δὲ χαρίσματα ἰαμάτων ἐν τῷ ἑνὶ πνεύματι,

ἄλλῳ δὲ ἐνεργήματα δυνάμεων, ἄλλῳ [δὲ] προφητεία, ἄλλῳ [δὲ] διακρίσεις πνευμάτων, ἑτέρῳ γένη γλωσσῶν, ἄλλῳ δὲ ἑρμηνεία γλωσσῶν•

πάντα δὲ ταῦτα ἐνεργεῖ τὸ ἓν καὶ τὸ αὐτὸ πνεῦμα διαιροῦν ἰδίᾳ ἑκάστῳ καθὼς βούλεται.

Καθάπερ γὰρ τὸ σῶμα ἕν ἐστιν καὶ μέλη πολλὰ ἔχει, πάντα δὲ τὰ μέλη τοῦ σώματος πολλὰ ὄντα ἕν ἐστιν σῶμα, οὕτως καὶ ὁ Χριστός•

καὶ γὰρ ἐν ἑνὶ πνεύματι ἡμεῖς πάντες εἰς ἓν σῶμα ἐβαπτίσθημεν, εἴτε Ἰουδαῖοι εἴτε Ἕλληνες εἴτε δοῦλοι εἴτε ἐλεύθεροι, καὶ πάντες ἓν πνεῦμα ἐποτίσθημεν.

Καὶ γὰρ τὸ σῶμα οὐκ ἔστιν ἓν μέλος ἀλλὰ πολλά.

ἐὰν εἴπῃ ὁ πούς• ὅτι οὐκ εἰμὶ χείρ, οὐκ εἰμὶ ἐκ τοῦ σώματος, οὐ παρὰ τοῦτο οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκ τοῦ σώματος;

καὶ ἐὰν εἴπῃ τὸ οὖς• ὅτι οὐκ εἰμὶ ὀφθαλμός, οὐκ εἰμὶ ἐκ τοῦ σώματος, οὐ παρὰ τοῦτο οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκ τοῦ σώματος;

εἰ ὅλον τὸ σῶμα ὀφθαλμός, ποῦ ἡ ἀκοή; εἰ ὅλον ἀκοή, ποῦ ἡ ὄσφρησις;

νυνὶ δὲ ὁ θεὸς ἔθετο τὰ μέλη, ἓν ἕκαστον αὐτῶν ἐν τῷ σώματι καθὼς ἠθέλησεν.

εἰ δὲ ἦν τὰ πάντα ἓν μέλος, ποῦ τὸ σῶμα;

νῦν δὲ πολλὰ μὲν μέλη, ἓν δὲ σῶμα.

οὐ δύναται δὲ ὁ ὀφθαλμὸς εἰπεῖν τῇ χειρί• χρείαν σου οὐκ ἔχω, ἢ πάλιν ἡ κεφαλὴ τοῖς ποσίν• χρείαν ὑμῶν οὐκ ἔχω•

ἀλλὰ πολλῷ μᾶλλον τὰ δοκοῦντα μέλη τοῦ σώματος ἀσθενέστερα ὑπάρχειν ἀναγκαῖά ἐστιν,

καὶ ἃ δοκοῦμεν ἀτιμότερα εἶναι τοῦ σώματος τούτοις τιμὴν περισσοτέραν περιτίθεμεν, καὶ τὰ ἀσχήμονα ἡμῶν εὐσχημοσύνην περισσοτέραν ἔχει,

τὰ δὲ εὐσχήμονα ἡμῶν οὐ χρείαν ἔχει. ἀλλʼ ὁ θεὸς συνεκέρασεν τὸ σῶμα τῷ ὑστερουμένῳ περισσοτέραν δοὺς τιμήν,

ἵνα μὴ ᾖ σχίσμα ἐν τῷ σώματι ἀλλὰ τὸ αὐτὸ ὑπὲρ ἀλλήλων μεριμνῶσιν τὰ μέλη.

καὶ εἴτε πάσχει ἓν μέλος, συμπάσχει πάντα τὰ μέλη• εἴτε δοξάζεται [ἓν] μέλος, συγχαίρει πάντα τὰ μέλη.

Ὑμεῖς δέ ἐστε σῶμα Χριστοῦ καὶ μέλη ἐκ μέρους.

Καὶ οὓς μὲν ἔθετο ὁ θεὸς ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ πρῶτον ἀποστόλους, δεύτερον προφήτας, τρίτον διδασκάλους, ἔπειτα δυνάμεις, ἔπειτα χαρίσματα ἰαμάτων, ἀντιλήμψεις, κυβερνήσεις, γένη γλωσσῶν.

μὴ πάντες ἀπόστολοι; μὴ πάντες προφῆται; μὴ πάντες διδάσκαλοι; μὴ πάντες δυνάμεις;

μὴ πάντες χαρίσματα ἔχουσιν ἰαμάτων; μὴ πάντες γλώσσαις λαλοῦσιν; μὴ πάντες διερμηνεύουσιν;

ζηλοῦτε δὲ τὰ χαρίσματα τὰ μείζονα. Καὶ ἔτι καθʼ ὑπερβολὴν ὁδὸν ὑμῖν δείκνυμι.

phrasing

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