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Isaiah 2:1-4:6

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The Mountain of the Lord 2 1 The word that Isaiah the son of Amoz saw concerning Judah and Jerusalem. 2 l It shall come to pass in the latter days that m the mountain of the house of the Lord shall be established as the highest of the mountains, and shall be lifted up above the hills; and n all the nations shall flow to it, 3 and o many peoples shall come, and say: “Come, let us go up to the mountain of the Lord , to the house of the God of Jacob, that he may teach us his ways and that we may walk in his paths.” For p out of Zion shall go the law, 1 and the word of the Lord from Jerusalem. 4 He shall judge between the nations, and shall decide disputes for many peoples; q and they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning hooks; r nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war anymore. 5 O house of Jacob, come, let us walk in s the light of the Lord . The Day of the Lord 6 For you have rejected your people, the house of Jacob, because they are full of things t from the east and u of fortune-tellers v like the Philistines, and they w strike hands with the children of foreigners. 7 Their land is x filled with silver and gold, and there is no end to their treasures; their land is y filled with horses, and there is no end to their chariots. 8 Their land is z filled with idols; they bow down to a the work of their hands, to what their own fingers have made. 9 So man b is humbled, and each one b is brought low— do not forgive them! 10 c Enter into the rock and hide in the dust d from before the terror of the Lord , and from the splendor of his majesty. 11 e The haughty looks of man shall be brought low, and the lofty pride of men shall be humbled, and the Lord alone will be exalted in that day. 12 f For the Lord of hosts has a day against all that is proud and lofty, against all that is lifted up—and it shall be brought low; 13 against all the g cedars of Lebanon, lofty and lifted up; and against all the h oaks of Bashan; 14 against all i the lofty mountains, and against all the uplifted hills; 15 against every high tower, and against every fortified wall; 16 against all j the ships of Tarshish, and against all the beautiful craft. 17 k And the haughtiness of man shall be humbled, and the lofty pride of men shall be brought low, and the Lord alone will be exalted in that day. 18 l And the idols shall utterly pass away. 19 m And people shall enter the caves of the rocks and the holes of the ground, 1 from before the terror of the Lord , and from the splendor of his majesty, n when he rises to terrify the earth. 20 In that day o mankind will cast away their idols of silver and their idols of gold, which they made for themselves to worship, to the moles and to the p bats, 21 m to enter the caverns of the rocks and the clefts of the cliffs, from before the terror of the Lord , and from the splendor of his majesty, n when he rises to terrify the earth. 22 q Stop regarding man r in whose nostrils is breath, for of what account is he? Judgment on Judah and Jerusalem 3 1 For behold, the s Lord God of hosts is taking away from Jerusalem and from Judah support and supply, 1 all t support of bread, and all support of water; 2 u the mighty man and the soldier, the judge and the prophet, the diviner and the elder, 3 the captain of fifty and the man of rank, the counselor and the skillful magician and the expert in charms. 4 v And I will make boys their princes, and infants 1 shall rule over them. 5 w And the people will oppress one another, every one his fellow and every one his neighbor; the youth will be insolent to the elder, and the despised to the honorable. 6 For x a man will take hold of his brother in the house of his father, saying: “You have a cloak; you shall be our leader, and this heap of ruins shall be under your rule”; 7 in that day he will speak out, saying: “I will not be a y healer; 1 in my house there is neither bread nor cloak; you shall not make me leader of the people.” 8 For Jerusalem has stumbled, and Judah has fallen, because their z speech and their deeds are against the Lord , a defying his glorious presence. 1 9 For the look on their faces bears witness against them; they proclaim their sin b like Sodom; they do not hide it. Woe to them! c For they have brought evil on themselves. 10 d Tell the righteous that it shall be well with them, e for they shall eat the fruit of their deeds. 11 f Woe to the wicked! It shall be ill with him, for what his hands have dealt out shall be done to him. 12 My people— g infants are their oppressors, and women rule over them. O my people, h your guides mislead you and they have swallowed up 1 the course of your paths. 13 The Lord i has taken his place to contend; he stands to judge peoples. 14 The Lord will enter into judgment with the j elders and princes of his people: “It is you who k have devoured 1 the vineyard, l the spoil of the poor is in your houses. 15 What do you mean by m crushing my people, by grinding the face of the poor?” declares the Lord God of hosts. 16 The Lord said: n Because o the daughters of Zion are haughty and walk with outstretched necks, glancing wantonly with their eyes, mincing along as they go, p tinkling with their feet, 17 therefore the Lord q will strike with a scab the heads of o the daughters of Zion, and the Lord will lay bare their secret parts. 18 In that day the Lord will take away r the finery of the anklets, the s headbands, and the t crescents; 19 the pendants, the bracelets, and the scarves; 20 the u headdresses, the armlets, the sashes, the perfume boxes, and the amulets; 21 the signet rings and v nose rings; 22 the w festal robes, the mantles, the cloaks, and the handbags; 23 the mirrors, the linen garments, the turbans, and the veils. 24 Instead of x perfume there will be rottenness; and instead of a y belt, a rope; and instead of z well-set hair, a baldness; and instead of a rich robe, a b skirt of sackcloth; and c branding instead of beauty. 25 Your men shall fall by the sword and your mighty men in battle. 26 And d her gates shall lament and mourn; empty, she shall e sit on the ground. 4 1 f And seven women g shall take hold of f one man in that day, saying, “We will eat our own bread and wear our own clothes, only let us be called by your name; h take away our reproach.” The Branch of the Lord Glorified 2 In that day i the branch of the Lord shall be beautiful and glorious, and j the fruit of the land shall be the pride and honor of the survivors of Israel. 3 k And he who is left in Zion and remains in Jerusalem will be called l holy, everyone who has m been recorded for life in Jerusalem, 4 when n the Lord shall have washed away the filth of o the daughters of Zion and cleansed the bloodstains of Jerusalem from its midst by a spirit of judgment and by p a spirit of burning. 1 5 Then the Lord will create over the whole site of Mount Zion and over her assemblies q a cloud by day, and smoke and the shining of a flaming fire by night; for over all the glory there will be r a canopy. 6 s There will be a t booth for shade by day from the heat, and u for a refuge and a shelter from the storm and rain.

Isaiah 2:1-4:6

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2 1 הַדָּבָר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר חָזָ֔ה יְשַֽׁעְיָ֖הוּ בֶּן ־ אָמ֑וֹץ עַל ־ יְהוּדָ֖ה וִירוּשָׁלִָֽם ׃ 2 וְהָיָ֣ה ׀ בְּאַחֲרִ֣ית הַיָּמִ֗ים נָכ֨וֹן יִֽהְיֶ֜ה הַ֤ר בֵּית ־ יְהוָה֙ בְּרֹ֣אשׁ הֶהָרִ֔ים וְנִשָּׂ֖א מִגְּבָע֑וֹת וְנָהֲר֥וּ אֵלָ֖יו כָּל ־ הַגּוֹיִֽם ׃ 3 וְֽהָלְכ֞וּ עַמִּ֣ים רַבִּ֗ים וְאָמְרוּ֙ לְכ֣וּ ׀ וְנַעֲלֶ֣ה אֶל ־ הַר ־ יְהוָ֗ה אֶל ־ בֵּית֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יַעֲקֹ֔ב וְיֹרֵ֙נוּ֙ מִדְּרָכָ֔יו וְנֵלְכָ֖ה בְּאֹרְחֹתָ֑יו כִּ֤י מִצִּיּוֹן֙ תֵּצֵ֣א תוֹרָ֔ה וּדְבַר ־ יְהוָ֖ה מִירוּשָׁלִָֽם ׃ 4 וְשָׁפַט֙ בֵּ֣ין הַגּוֹיִ֔ם וְהוֹכִ֖יחַ לְעַמִּ֣ים רַבִּ֑ים וְכִתְּת֨וּ חַרְבוֹתָ֜ם לְאִתִּ֗ים וַחֲנִיתֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙ לְמַזְמֵר֔וֹת לֹא ־ יִשָּׂ֨א ג֤וֹי אֶל ־ גּוֹי֙ חֶ֔רֶב וְלֹא ־ יִלְמְד֥וּ ע֖וֹד מִלְחָמָֽה ׃ פ 5 בֵּ֖ית יַעֲקֹ֑ב לְכ֥וּ וְנֵלְכָ֖ה בְּא֥וֹר יְהוָֽה ׃ 6 כִּ֣י נָטַ֗שְׁתָּה עַמְּךָ֙ בֵּ֣ית יַעֲקֹ֔ב כִּ֤י מָלְאוּ֙ מִקֶּ֔דֶם וְעֹֽנְנִ֖ים כַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וּבְיַלְדֵ֥י נָכְרִ֖ים יַשְׂפִּֽיקוּ ׃ 7 וַתִּמָּלֵ֤א אַרְצוֹ֙ כֶּ֣סֶף וְזָהָ֔ב וְאֵ֥ין קֵ֖צֶה לְאֹצְרֹתָ֑יו וַתִּמָּלֵ֤א אַרְצוֹ֙ סוּסִ֔ים וְאֵ֥ין קֵ֖צֶה לְמַרְכְּבֹתָֽיו ׃ 8 וַתִּמָּלֵ֥א אַרְצ֖וֹ אֱלִילִ֑ים לְמַעֲשֵׂ֤ה יָדָיו֙ יִֽשְׁתַּחֲו֔וּ לַאֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשׂ֖וּ אֶצְבְּעֹתָֽיו ׃ 9 וַיִּשַּׁ֥ח אָדָ֖ם וַיִּשְׁפַּל ־ אִ֑ישׁ וְאַל ־ תִּשָּׂ֖א לָהֶֽם ׃ 10 בּ֣וֹא בַצּ֔וּר וְהִטָּמֵ֖ן בֶּֽעָפָ֑ר מִפְּנֵי֙ פַּ֣חַד יְהוָ֔ה וּמֵהֲדַ֖ר גְּאֹנֽוֹ ׃ 11 עֵינֵ֞י גַּבְה֤וּת אָדָם֙ שָׁפֵ֔ל וְשַׁ֖ח ר֣וּם אֲנָשִׁ֑ים וְנִשְׂגַּ֧ב יְהוָ֛ה לְבַדּ֖וֹ בַּיּ֥וֹם הַהֽוּא ׃ ס 12 כִּ֣י י֞וֹם לַיהוָ֧ה צְבָא֛וֹת עַ֥ל כָּל ־ גֵּאֶ֖ה וָרָ֑ם וְעַ֖ל כָּל ־ נִשָּׂ֥א וְשָׁפֵֽל ׃ 13 וְעַל֙ כָּל ־ אַרְזֵ֣י הַלְּבָנ֔וֹן הָרָמִ֖ים וְהַנִּשָּׂאִ֑ים וְעַ֖ל כָּל ־ אַלּוֹנֵ֥י הַבָּשָֽׁן ׃ 14 וְעַ֖ל כָּל ־ הֶהָרִ֣ים הָרָמִ֑ים וְעַ֖ל כָּל ־ הַגְּבָע֥וֹת הַנִּשָּׂאֽוֹת ׃ 15 וְעַ֖ל כָּל ־ מִגְדָּ֣ל גָּבֹ֑הַ 1 וְעַ֖ל כָּל ־ חוֹמָ֥ה בְצוּרָֽה ׃ 16 וְעַ֖ל כָּל ־ אֳנִיּ֣וֹת תַּרְשִׁ֑ישׁ וְעַ֖ל כָּל ־ שְׂכִיּ֥וֹת הַחֶמְדָּֽה ׃ 17 וְשַׁח֙ גַּבְה֣וּת הָאָדָ֔ם וְשָׁפֵ֖ל ר֣וּם אֲנָשִׁ֑ים וְנִשְׂגַּ֧ב יְהוָ֛ה לְבַדּ֖וֹ בַּיּ֥וֹם הַהֽוּא ׃ 18 וְהָאֱלִילִ֖ים כָּלִ֥יל יַחֲלֹֽף ׃ 19 וּבָ֙אוּ֙ בִּמְעָר֣וֹת צֻרִ֔ים וּבִמְחִלּ֖וֹת עָפָ֑ר מִפְּנֵ֞י פַּ֤חַד יְהוָה֙ וּמֵהֲדַ֣ר גְּאוֹנ֔וֹ בְּקוּמ֖וֹ לַעֲרֹ֥ץ הָאָֽרֶץ ׃ 20 בַּיּ֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ יַשְׁלִ֣יךְ הָאָדָ֔ם אֵ֚ת אֱלִילֵ֣י כַסְפּ֔וֹ וְאֵ֖ת אֱלִילֵ֣י זְהָב֑וֹ אֲשֶׁ֤ר עָֽשׂוּ ־ לוֹ֙ לְהִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֺ֔ת לַחְפֹּ֥ר פֵּר֖וֹת וְלָעֲטַלֵּפִֽים ׃ 21 לָבוֹא֙ בְּנִקְר֣וֹת הַצֻּרִ֔ים וּבִסְעִפֵ֖י הַסְּלָעִ֑ים מִפְּנֵ֞י פַּ֤חַד יְהוָה֙ וּמֵהֲדַ֣ר גְּאוֹנ֔וֹ בְּקוּמ֖וֹ לַעֲרֹ֥ץ הָאָֽרֶץ ׃ 22 חִדְל֤וּ לָכֶם֙ מִן ־ הָ֣אָדָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר נְשָׁמָ֖ה בְּאַפּ֑וֹ כִּֽי ־ בַמֶּ֥ה נֶחְשָׁ֖ב הֽוּא ׃ פ 3 1 כִּי֩ הִנֵּ֨ה הָאָד֜וֹן יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֗וֹת מֵסִ֤יר מִירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ וּמִ֣יהוּדָ֔ה מַשְׁעֵ֖ן וּמַשְׁעֵנָ֑ה כֹּ֚ל מִשְׁעַן ־ לֶ֔חֶם וְכֹ֖ל מִשְׁעַן ־ מָֽיִם ׃ 2 גִּבּ֖וֹר וְאִ֣ישׁ מִלְחָמָ֑ה שׁוֹפֵ֥ט וְנָבִ֖יא וְקֹסֵ֥ם וְזָקֵֽן ׃ 3 שַׂר ־ חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים וּנְשׂ֣וּא פָנִ֑ים וְיוֹעֵ֛ץ וַחֲכַ֥ם חֲרָשִׁ֖ים וּנְב֥וֹן לָֽחַשׁ ׃ 4 וְנָתַתִּ֥י נְעָרִ֖ים שָׂרֵיהֶ֑ם וְתַעֲלוּלִ֖ים יִמְשְׁלוּ ־ בָֽם ׃ 5 וְנִגַּ֣שׂ הָעָ֔ם אִ֥ישׁ בְּאִ֖ישׁ וְאִ֣ישׁ בְּרֵעֵ֑הוּ יִרְהֲב֗וּ הַנַּ֙עַר֙ בַּזָּקֵ֔ן וְהַנִּקְלֶ֖ה בַּנִּכְבָּֽד ׃ 6 כִּֽי ־ יִתְפֹּ֨שׂ אִ֤ישׁ בְּאָחִיו֙ בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֔יו שִׂמְלָ֣ה לְכָ֔ה קָצִ֖ין תִּֽהְיֶה ־ לָּ֑נוּ וְהַמַּכְשֵׁלָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את תַּ֥חַת יָדֶֽךָ ׃ 7 יִשָּׂא֩ בַיּ֨וֹם הַה֤וּא ׀ לֵאמֹר֙ לֹא ־ אֶהְיֶ֣ה חֹבֵ֔שׁ וּבְבֵיתִ֕י אֵ֥ין לֶ֖חֶם וְאֵ֣ין שִׂמְלָ֑ה לֹ֥א תְשִׂימֻ֖נִי קְצִ֥ין עָֽם ׃ 8 כִּ֤י כָשְׁלָה֙ יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וִיהוּדָ֖ה נָפָ֑ל כִּֽי ־ לְשׁוֹנָ֤ם וּמַֽעַלְלֵיהֶם֙ אֶל ־ יְהוָ֔ה לַמְר֖וֹת עֵנֵ֥י כְבוֹדֽוֹ ׃ 9 הַכָּרַ֤ת פְּנֵיהֶם֙ עָ֣נְתָה בָּ֔ם וְחַטָּאתָ֛ם כִּסְדֹ֥ם הִגִּ֖ידוּ לֹ֣א כִחֵ֑דוּ א֣וֹי לְנַפְשָׁ֔ם כִּֽי ־ גָמְל֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם רָעָֽה ׃ 10 אִמְר֥וּ צַדִּ֖יק כִּי ־ ט֑וֹב כִּֽי ־ פְרִ֥י מַעַלְלֵיהֶ֖ם יֹאכֵֽלוּ ׃ 11 א֖וֹי לְרָשָׁ֣ע רָ֑ע כִּֽי ־ גְמ֥וּל יָדָ֖יו יֵעָ֥שֶׂה לּֽוֹ ׃ 12 עַמִּי֙ נֹגְשָׂ֣יו מְעוֹלֵ֔ל וְנָשִׁ֖ים מָ֣שְׁלוּ ב֑וֹ עַמִּי֙ מְאַשְּׁרֶ֣יךָ מַתְעִ֔ים וְדֶ֥רֶךְ אֹֽרְחֹתֶ֖יךָ בִּלֵּֽעוּ ׃ ס 13 נִצָּ֥ב לָרִ֖יב יְהוָ֑ה וְעֹמֵ֖ד לָדִ֥ין עַמִּֽים ׃ 14 יְהוָה֙ בְּמִשְׁפָּ֣ט יָב֔וֹא עִם ־ זִקְנֵ֥י עַמּ֖וֹ וְשָׂרָ֑יו וְאַתֶּם֙ בִּֽעַרְתֶּ֣ם הַכֶּ֔רֶם גְּזֵלַ֥ת הֶֽעָנִ֖י בְּבָתֵּיכֶֽם ׃ 15 מלכם 1 2 תְּדַכְּא֣וּ עַמִּ֔י וּפְנֵ֥י עֲנִיִּ֖ים תִּטְחָ֑נוּ נְאֻם ־ אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִ֖ה צְבָאֽוֹת ׃ ס 16 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֗ה יַ֚עַן כִּ֤י גָֽבְהוּ֙ בְּנ֣וֹת צִיּ֔וֹן וַתֵּלַ֙כְנָה֙ נטוות 1 גָּר֔וֹן וּֽמְשַׂקְּר֖וֹת עֵינָ֑יִם הָל֤וֹךְ וְטָפֹף֙ תֵּלַ֔כְנָה וּבְרַגְלֵיהֶ֖ם תְּעַכַּֽסְנָה ׃ 17 וְשִׂפַּ֣ח אֲדֹנָ֔י קָדְקֹ֖ד בְּנ֣וֹת צִיּ֑וֹן וַיהוָ֖ה פָּתְהֵ֥ן יְעָרֶֽה ׃ ס 18 בַּיּ֨וֹם הַה֜וּא יָסִ֣יר אֲדֹנָ֗י אֵ֣ת תִּפְאֶ֧רֶת הָעֲכָסִ֛ים וְהַשְּׁבִיסִ֖ים וְהַשַּׂהֲרֹנִֽים ׃ 19 הַנְּטִיפ֥וֹת וְהַשֵּׁיר֖וֹת וְהָֽרְעָלֽוֹת ׃ 20 הַפְּאֵרִ֤ים וְהַצְּעָדוֹת֙ וְהַקִּשֻּׁרִ֔ים וּבָתֵּ֥י הַנֶּ֖פֶשׁ וְהַלְּחָשִֽׁים ׃ 21 הַטַּבָּע֖וֹת וְנִזְמֵ֥י הָאָֽף ׃ 22 הַמַּֽחֲלָצוֹת֙ וְהַמַּ֣עֲטָפ֔וֹת וְהַמִּטְפָּח֖וֹת וְהָחֲרִיטִֽים ׃ 23 וְהַגִּלְיֹנִים֙ וְהַסְּדִינִ֔ים וְהַצְּנִיפ֖וֹת וְהָרְדִידִֽים ׃ 24 וְהָיָה֩ תַ֨חַת בֹּ֜שֶׂם מַ֣ק יִֽהְיֶ֗ה וְתַ֨חַת חֲגוֹרָ֤ה נִקְפָּה֙ וְתַ֨חַת מַעֲשֶׂ֤ה מִקְשֶׁה֙ קָרְחָ֔ה וְתַ֥חַת פְּתִיגִ֖יל מַחֲגֹ֣רֶת שָׂ֑ק כִּי ־ תַ֖חַת יֹֽפִי ׃ 25 מְתַ֖יִךְ בַּחֶ֣רֶב יִפֹּ֑לוּ וּגְבוּרָתֵ֖ךְ בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה ׃ 26 וְאָנ֥וּ וְאָבְל֖וּ פְּתָחֶ֑יהָ וְנִקָּ֖תָה לָאָ֥רֶץ תֵּשֵֽׁב ׃ 4 1 וְהֶחֱזִיקוּ֩ שֶׁ֨בַע נָשִׁ֜ים בְּאִ֣ישׁ אֶחָ֗ד בַּיּ֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לַחְמֵ֣נוּ נֹאכֵ֔ל וְשִׂמְלָתֵ֖נוּ נִלְבָּ֑שׁ רַ֗ק יִקָּרֵ֤א שִׁמְךָ֙ עָלֵ֔ינוּ אֱסֹ֖ף חֶרְפָּתֵֽנוּ ׃ ס 2 בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא יִֽהְיֶה֙ צֶ֣מַח יְהוָ֔ה לִצְבִ֖י וּלְכָב֑וֹד וּפְרִ֤י הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ לְגָא֣וֹן וּלְתִפְאֶ֔רֶת לִפְלֵיטַ֖ת יִשְׂרָאֵֽל ׃ 3 וְהָיָ֣ה ׀ הַנִּשְׁאָ֣ר בְּצִיּ֗וֹן וְהַנּוֹתָר֙ בִּיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם קָד֖וֹשׁ יֵאָ֣מֶר ל֑וֹ כָּל ־ הַכָּת֥וּב לַחַיִּ֖ים בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם ׃ 4 אִ֣ם ׀ רָחַ֣ץ אֲדֹנָ֗י אֵ֚ת צֹאַ֣ת בְּנוֹת ־ צִיּ֔וֹן וְאֶת ־ דְּמֵ֥י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם יָדִ֣יחַ מִקִּרְבָּ֑הּ בְּר֥וּחַ מִשְׁפָּ֖ט וּבְר֥וּחַ בָּעֵֽר ׃ 5 וּבָרָ֣א יְהוָ֡ה עַל֩ כָּל ־ מְכ֨וֹן הַר ־ צִיּ֜וֹן וְעַל ־ מִקְרָאֶ֗הָ עָנָ֤ן ׀ יוֹמָם֙ וְעָשָׁ֔ן וְנֹ֛גַהּ אֵ֥שׁ לֶהָבָ֖ה לָ֑יְלָה כִּ֥י עַל ־ כָּל ־ כָּב֖וֹד חֻפָּֽה ׃ 6 וְסֻכָּ֛ה תִּהְיֶ֥ה לְצֵל ־ יוֹמָ֖ם מֵחֹ֑רֶב וּלְמַחְסֶה֙ וּלְמִסְתּ֔וֹר מִזֶּ֖רֶם וּמִמָּטָֽר ׃ פ

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Notes

Outline and notes. Quotations from Alec Motyer's commentary. Zion will be redeemed by justice (1.27); here is a further view of that in chapters 2 to 4. Introduction Bookended by the ideal/new Jerusalem (2.2-4 and 4.2-6) Day of the Lord - look out for it. This is one of the important OT passages which lays the meaning, which the NT has in mind when it uses day of the Lord/or 'that day' as a shorthand. Metaphor, symbolism, poetry. Lots of it. It is not therefore 'less true', but communicating things too profound and weighty for other forms of language. 2.2-5 The Ideal Jerusalem Micah 4.1-4 is very similar; possibly a hymn? Or Micah deliberately quotes Isaiah. 'Into Zion' 2.2-3a and then 'out of Zion' 2.3b-4. Mountains; symbols of power (kingdoms). A stream flowing upwards?! The peoples come voluntarily Disarmament, a consequence of a re-ordered world. Nationalism not eliminated but transcended. 2.5 is a transitional exhortation; arises from what has just come and justified by what follows. Same with 2.20. Since God of Jacob is worshiped by the nations, his own people must come, walk in his light! 'God's obedient people are magnetic to the watching world'. 2.6-22 Actual Jerusalem's religious condition v6-9: v6 opens with abandoned and ends with v9 do not forgive. 5 contrasts: 1. world drawn to Zion (v2) but God's people choose to conform the world (v6) 2. Nations seek spiritual benefit (v3) but Zion seeks material benefit (v7) 3. Consequence of coming to Zion is world peace (v4) but Zion is full of armaments (v7) 4. Nations seek to know and obey the true God (v3) but God's people are busy inventing their own gods (v8) 5. the nations are received before the Lord's tribunal (v4) but God's people are abandoned and denied forgiveness (v9). Isaiah is saying forgiveness is unthinkable; 'surely you will not forgive them!' v10-21 This section marked by 'dread'/terror of the Lord (v10 and 21). The Lord reveals his glory (v10) and human arrogance is humbled (v11). The whole pride-based 'world' is devastated, v12-17; idols are useless v18-19 and people are defenceless v20-21. Four subsections: a) 10-11 begins with 'enter the rock' and ends 'the LORD alone will be exalted in that day' b) 12-17 begins with reference to the day of the Lord and ends ' the LORD alone will be exalted in that day' c) 18-19 begins with 'enter the rock' and ends with, 'when he rises to shake the earth' d) 20-21 begins with reference to the day of the Lord and ends 'when he rises to shake the earth' Again, v10: 'As in Isaiah's experience (6.3-5), it is not an exercise of power that humbles humankind but simply that the Lord unveils himself as he always has been.' Day of the LORD: Bible's view is that time is linear, not merely cyclical. But it is rhythmically linear (sabbatical). Each day is 'covenantal' as God cares for creation. But 'within this series of divinely planned and sent days there is in reserve a day that is specially the Lord's to be inserted into the time-line at a point he alone determines.' Time is elastic. Also, the distinction between 'kairos' and 'chronos' concepts. Ships of Tarshish. Cedars of Lebanon. The only question that matters is, how will this fare on the day of the Lord. 2.22 is the second transitional exhortation: 'stop trusting in man'. Arises from what has preceded and justified in what follows. Self-reliance 'has been the connecting thread of v6-21: reliance on the validity of human insights (v6), human resources (v7), ability to manipulate the divine (v8) and human achievement (v15-16)' 3.1-4.1 Actual Jerusalem: social condition Just like true religion 2.2-4 true religion produced true society 2.5-6, so false religion 2.6-21 produced corrupt society 3.1-4.1. Hence the 'for' in 3.1. Two parts, 3.1-15 and 3.16-4.1 3.1-15 has an inclusio, the Lord GOD of hosts (v1,15). Collapse of society, 3.1-7 Divine judgement on society begins in the disappearance of solid leaderships (v1-3) and appearance of immature leaders (v4). Society divided (v5), and those who should be despised take the initiative (v5). Despair in elections (v6-7) Jerusalem's collapse explained (v8) and judgement pronounced (v9-11) in the form of a wisdom poem; just reward to the righteous and the wicked. Same set of words at beginning and end of 3.9-11, thus it's self-contained. Retribution applied, 3.12-4.1 Oppressed (v12) and misgoverned people (v12) brought to the Lord's tribunal (3v13-15). Metaphor then becomes history in 3.16-4.1, military overthrow. 'Thus 3.13-15 display the inner reality of the offended Lord and 3.16-4.1 the experienced reality of his wrath in action.' 3.12-15 the Lord enters into judgment 3.16-4.1 Divine retribution on Zion, personified in her 'daughters' 'The 'woes' of v9-11 proclaim coming judgment, the court scene (v12-15) establishes the justice of it, and 3.16-4.1 sees the sentence executed.' The women of Zion, v16-25; then Zion herself (v26), then back to the women (4.1). They 'encapsulate the spirit of arrogant self-seeking which has already been judged and is the death warrant of the city.' Two contrasts, 3.16-7 and 3.18-24 and then the grim final reality 3.25-4.1. 'In that day' comes in both v18 and 4.1. Contrast #1. Women set out to attract v16, but the act of judgment will make then repellent v17. Contrasts #2. Life's ease (which is described, not condemned) is lost into sorrow. Luxury is described. It is not a sin to enjoy it, but the sin is arrogance (v16). Final reality. Sorrow, as sin ends in death. The women seek a husband; 'the men placed reliance on worldly social strength only to find such reliance always perishes for want of people fit to rely on; the women gave their all to allurement only to find that in the end there were no takers. How well Isaiah began this section with the call to refuse to put trust in man! (2.22)' 4.2-6 New Jerusalem The momentum of the day of the Lord so far: its existence (2.12), effects (2.17,20) and its infliction (3.18, 4.1). Now we hear the words again: in that day (4.2) and we utterly dread it. But instead there's a message about glory and survival (v2), holiness and life (v3), cleansing (v4), new creation and divine indwelling (v5) and open shelter (v6). God is holy! He is who he is. These kinds of chinks pave the way for the view of his 'holiness' coming up. His is a holy love - one we simply don't expect and can't control. This is a vision of a new Zion with new people, with a new religious life presided over personally by the Lord. He is intimately one with his people. The 'daughters of Zion' embodied the degenerate city (3.16-23) but are now the focus of divine cleansing (4.4). Their worst shame was travesty of marriage (4.1) but now they will have a 'canopy' (bridal theme?) (v5). They obsessed over outer beauty (3.16, 18) but will find satisfaction in true beauty (4.2). The Lord's unveiled glory caused the city's overthrow (2.10, 19, 21) but now that glory resides within it (4.2,5). Failure of leadership marked the doomed city (3.2-7) but now the new city has the Exodus markers of divine leadership (4.5). Branch of the LORD; a 'family tree' term. Not David's tree here. The Messiah is both branches; dual ancestry. v3 those left are called holy. Spiritually changed. Doesn't explain it here. Life beyond the calamity. Election, everyone who has been recorded for life in Jerusalem. v4 'the Lord so acts to meet alike the objective demands of absolute justice and the subjective demands of his own holy nature.' v5 For the new people of v3-4 there is a new Zion. 'Create' = bara. Dwelling place language. New creation. Canopy is always a marriage word. Messiah lovingly joined to his bride-people. v6 an accessible shelter. Exodus imagery again. But in Exodus, the LORD camped with his people but was not directly available to them; his glory was too overwhelming. 'But now, in the full reality of the flory (2,5), there is open access into shelter. The very ordinariness of the needs enhances the idea of free access. The opposites... embrace every circumstance of life; storm ['inundation'] and rain point to the extraordinary and ordinary needs for shelter. For all needs alike there is shelter with the Lord.'

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