John 10.1-21

I Am the Good Shepherd 10 1 “Truly, truly, I say to you, he who does not enter the sheepfold by the door but climbs in by another way, that man is a thief and a robber. 2 But he who enters by the door is the shepherd of the sheep. 3 To him the gatekeeper opens. The sheep hear his voice, and he calls his own sheep by name and leads them out. 4 When he has brought out all his own, he goes before them, and the sheep follow him, for they know his voice. 5 y A stranger they will not follow, but they will flee from him, for they do not know the voice of strangers.” 6 This figure of speech Jesus z used with them, but they a did not understand what he was saying to them. 7 So Jesus again said to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, b I am the door of the sheep. 8 All who came before me are thieves and robbers, but the sheep did not listen to them. 9 I am the door. If anyone enters by me, c he will be saved and will go in and out and d find pasture. 10 The thief comes only to steal and e kill and destroy. I came that they may have life and have it abundantly. 11 f I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd g lays down his life for the sheep. 12 He who is h a hired hand and not a shepherd, who does not own the sheep, sees the wolf coming and i leaves the sheep and flees, and the wolf snatches them and j scatters them. 13 He flees because k he is a hired hand and l cares nothing for the sheep. 14 m I am the good shepherd. n I know my own and o my own know me, 15 p just as the Father knows me and I know the Father; and q I lay down my life for the sheep. 16 And r I have other sheep that are not of this fold. s I must bring them also, and t they will listen to my voice. So there will be u one flock, v one shepherd. 17 w For this reason the Father loves me, x because y I lay down my life that I may take it up again. 18 z No one takes it from me, but y I lay it down a of my own accord. I have authority to lay it down, and b I have authority to take it up again. c This charge I have received from my Father.” 19 d There was again a division among the Jews because of these words. 20 Many of them said, e “He has a demon, and f is insane; why listen to him?” 21 Others said, “These are not the words of one who is oppressed by a demon. g Can a demon open the eyes of the blind?”

John 10:1-21

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10 1 Ἀμὴν ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν, ὁ μὴ εἰσερχόμενος διὰ τῆς θύρας εἰς τὴν αὐλὴν τῶν προβάτων ἀλλʼ ἀναβαίνων ἀλλαχόθεν ἐκεῖνος κλέπτης ἐστὶν καὶ λῃστής• 2 ὁ δὲ εἰσερχόμενος διὰ τῆς θύρας ποιμήν ἐστιν τῶν προβάτων. 3 τούτῳ ὁ θυρωρὸς ἀνοίγει καὶ τὰ πρόβατα τῆς φωνῆς αὐτοῦ ἀκούει καὶ τὰ ἴδια πρόβατα φωνεῖ κατʼ ὄνομα καὶ ἐξάγει αὐτά. 4 ὅταν τὰ ἴδια πάντα ἐκβάλῃ, ἔμπροσθεν αὐτῶν πορεύεται καὶ τὰ πρόβατα αὐτῷ ἀκολουθεῖ, ὅτι οἴδασιν τὴν φωνὴν αὐτοῦ• 5 ἀλλοτρίῳ δὲ οὐ μὴ ἀκολουθήσουσιν, ἀλλὰ φεύξονται ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ, ὅτι οὐκ οἴδασιν τῶν ἀλλοτρίων τὴν φωνήν. 6 Ταύτην τὴν παροιμίαν εἶπεν αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς, ἐκεῖνοι δὲ οὐκ ἔγνωσαν τίνα ἦν ἃ ἐλάλει αὐτοῖς. 7 Εἶπεν οὖν πάλιν ὁ Ἰησοῦς• ἀμὴν ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ θύρα τῶν προβάτων. 8 πάντες ὅσοι ἦλθον [πρὸ ἐμοῦ] κλέπται εἰσὶν καὶ λῃσταί, ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἤκουσαν αὐτῶν τὰ πρόβατα. 9 ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ θύρα• διʼ ἐμοῦ ἐάν τις εἰσέλθῃ σωθήσεται καὶ εἰσελεύσεται καὶ ἐξελεύσεται καὶ νομὴν εὑρήσει. 10 ὁ κλέπτης οὐκ ἔρχεται εἰ μὴ ἵνα κλέψῃ καὶ θύσῃ καὶ ἀπολέσῃ• ἐγὼ ἦλθον ἵνα ζωὴν ἔχωσιν καὶ περισσὸν ἔχωσιν. 11 Ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ποιμὴν ὁ καλός. ὁ ποιμὴν ὁ καλὸς τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ τίθησιν ὑπὲρ τῶν προβάτων• 12 ὁ μισθωτὸς καὶ οὐκ ὢν ποιμήν, οὗ οὐκ ἔστιν τὰ πρόβατα ἴδια, θεωρεῖ τὸν λύκον ἐρχόμενον καὶ ἀφίησιν τὰ πρόβατα καὶ φεύγει - καὶ ὁ λύκος ἁρπάζει αὐτὰ καὶ σκορπίζει - 13 ὅτι μισθωτός ἐστιν καὶ οὐ μέλει αὐτῷ περὶ τῶν προβάτων. 14 Ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ποιμὴν ὁ καλὸς καὶ γινώσκω τὰ ἐμὰ καὶ γινώσκουσίν με τὰ ἐμά, 15 καθὼς γινώσκει με ὁ πατὴρ κἀγὼ γινώσκω τὸν πατέρα, * καὶ τὴν ψυχήν μου τίθημι ὑπὲρ τῶν προβάτων. 16 καὶ ἄλλα πρόβατα ἔχω ἃ οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκ τῆς αὐλῆς ταύτης• κἀκεῖνα δεῖ με ἀγαγεῖν καὶ τῆς φωνῆς μου ἀκούσουσιν, καὶ γενήσονται μία ποίμνη, εἷς ποιμήν. 17 Διὰ τοῦτό με ὁ πατὴρ ἀγαπᾷ ὅτι ἐγὼ τίθημι τὴν ψυχήν μου, ἵνα πάλιν λάβω αὐτήν. 18 οὐδεὶς αἴρει αὐτὴν ἀπʼ ἐμοῦ, ἀλλʼ ἐγὼ τίθημι αὐτὴν ἀπʼ ἐμαυτοῦ. ἐξουσίαν ἔχω θεῖναι αὐτήν, καὶ ἐξουσίαν ἔχω πάλιν λαβεῖν αὐτήν• ταύτην τὴν ἐντολὴν ἔλαβον παρὰ τοῦ πατρός μου. 19 Σχίσμα πάλιν ἐγένετο ἐν τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις διὰ τοὺς λόγους τούτους. 20 ἔλεγον δὲ πολλοὶ ἐξ αὐτῶν• δαιμόνιον ἔχει καὶ μαίνεται• τί αὐτοῦ ἀκούετε; 21 ἄλλοι ἔλεγον• ταῦτα τὰ ῥήματα οὐκ ἔστιν δαιμονιζομένου• μὴ δαιμόνιον δύναται τυφλῶν ὀφθαλμοὺς ἀνοῖξαι;

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Notes

I AM the Good Shepherd Intro Shepherds and sheep. OT backdrop, eg Ezekiel 34. Wider principle of good and bad leadership. 'The Christian doctrine of heaven is not a myth, but the humanist dream of utopia.' Pol Pot, Hitler, Stalin, Mao. I AM statements Cross coming increasingly into view In context: blind and seeing. He's just healed a man born blind, yet that man has been cruelly treated by the authorities. Like thieves and robbers, not true shepherds. 1. Jesus has come to give life abundantly (v1-10) v1-2 Thieves and robbers vs true shepherd; they come in by different ways. v3-6 True shepherd knows his own sheep by name and leads them out, they know his voice. v4 he goes before them. They follow him. v6 this 'proverb' he said to them. But they didn't understand! Blindness again. v7-10 Jesus is the door/gate (I AM); he himself is the way (14.6) to life (v9-10, cf Numbers 27.15-17 ). v8 All who came before me. Self interested leaders. Messianic pretenders. Jewish leaders. Led into more slavery and conflict etc. What does Jesus mean by 'abundantly'? 2. Jesus has come to give his life for his sheep (v11-21) I AM again. The Good Shepherd lays down his life for the sheep; the cross increasingly in view. His voluntary giving of himself. v12-13 hired hand controlled by self-interest at the end of the day. v12 self interest vs self giving. T hieves and robbers are obviously wicked, not the hired hand. But he is self-interested, and that is revealed when tested. v14-15 but Jesus is the Good Shepherd who mutually 'knows' his sheep, grounded in the Father and Son's mutual knowledge and intimacy. Intimacy of the sheep with the shepherd is mirrored - in fact, grounded, in the intimacy of Father and Son. H e calls his own. I.e., they are in some way his before he calls them. v16 speaking of the global mission to gather in people from all tribes to the one flock around the Shepherd's throne. John 12.32 v17-18 grounded in intratrinitarian love. v18 this command I received from my Father. Yet he lays down his life 'from himself', freely. He and his Father are one. Explain connections/logic. v19-21 misunderstanding (blindness) and division again. Glory of God : He is committed to his flock being well shepherded! That they have life abundantly. FCF : False shepherds who operate on self-interest. Thieves, wolves, robbers. Who are in the flock but don't know the shepherd's voice. Person of Jesus : He is the gate for the sheep, to go through him and find life. He is the Good Shepherd who calls his sheep by name. He knows each of us intimately and individually, even though he calls us into his one flock. Work of Jesus : The false shepherds have 'cast out' the poor blind man just now; but the true Shepherd will himself be utterly 'cast out' on the cross, so that his people might never be, and so that they instead might be welcomed into abundant life. Jesus lays does his life for his sheep. His cross is in fact the gate to life. And 'robbers', same word for insurrectionist 18.40; Jesus came to die for them. Union with Jesus: Invitation. I'm known by name. Hear his voice and follow him into true and abundant life. Confrontation. Stop being a hired hand who runs in self-interest. Stop listening to a strangers' voice. Consolation. He knows you by name, calls you, and will shepherd you for eternal life. Wrap up: Jesus is the good shepherd; he has come to give his life for his sheep; so that we might have life abundantly. Hebrews 13 .20-21: Now may the God of peace who brought again from the dead our Lord Jesus, the great shepherd of the sheep, by the blood of the eternal covenant, 21 equip you with everything good that you may do his will, working in us that which is pleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory forever and ever. Amen. Hebrews 13:20-21 ESV

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